Cosmetic compositions

Details Cosmetic compositions Cosmetic compositions

1999-12-28

2001-10-30

Williamson, Michael A. (Department: 1616)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Preparations characterized by special physical form

Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice

C424S063000, C424S064000, C514S844000, C514S873000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06309657

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to topical cosmetic compositions containing cylindrical crystalline vitamin B
3
compounds.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Niacin, also known as vitamin B
3
, is the common name for nicotinic acid. The physiologically active form of niacin is niacinamide, also a member of the vitamin B
3
family of compounds. Niacin and niacinamide (nicotinic acid amide) function in the body as components of two coenzymes: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Until recently, these vitamin B
3
compounds were used exclusively to treat niacin deficiency and pellegra.
Today, however, vitamin B
3
compounds have also found use in the area of skin care actives. British Patent 1,370,236 describes compositions for skin lightening containing 0.5% to 10% niacin. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 4,096,240 discloses the use of 0.1% to 10% niacinamide for skin lightening. Vitamin B
3
compounds have also been found useful in regulating the texture of human skin. See PCT application WO 97/39733, to Oblong et al.
However, when applied to the skin in crystalline form (i.e., powder), vitamin B
3
compounds tend to impart a rough feel to the skin. In the past, the crystalline vitamin B
3
compounds were solubilized in a polar solvent before application to the skin, destroying the crystalline structure and thereby alleviating the rough feel of the crystals. However, solubilization reduced the efficacy of the vitamin B3 compound upon contact with the skin. Thus there exists a need for cosmetic compositions comprising unsolubilized crystalline vitamin B
3
compound(s) which provide improved consumer perceived skin feel. The present inventors have discovered that cosmetic formulations incorporating the crystalline vitamin B
3
compounds of a specific crystalline structure and an emollient improve the consumer perceived feel of the vitamin B
3
compound on the skin. The present inventors have further discovered that these compositions are especially useful to impart vitamin B3 benefits to the lips with improved skin feel when used in lipstick compositions including a solidifying agent.
It is, therefore, an aspect of the present invention to provide cosmetic compositions, preferably anhydrous cosmetic compositions, comprising select crystalline structured vitamin B
3
compounds which improve the appearance and feel of the skin while alleviating the rough feel of the crystalline vitamin B3 compound.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide anhydrous cosmetic compositions comprising selected crystalline structure vitamin B
3
compounds which improve the feel of the vitamin B
3
compound on the skin.
These and other aspects will become readily apparent from the detailed description which follows.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cosmetic compositions providing improved skin feel, which contain from about 0.01% to about 50%, by weight, of cylindrical crystalline vitamin B
3
compound particles having a particle size distribution such that at least about 70% of the crystalline particles have a height to width ratio greater than 1; from about 1% to about 90%, by weight, of an emollient; from about 1% to about 90%, by weight, of a solidifying agent; and from about 1% to about 90%, on an anhydrous basis, of a color. Preferably the compositions are anhydrous. The compositions of the present invention are useful for improving consumer perceived skin feel of cylindrical crystalline vitamin B3 compounds when applied to the skin.
All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of the cosmetic compositions of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. All such weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include carriers or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As used herein, the term “cosmetics” includes make-up, foundation, and skin care products. The term “make-up” refers to products that leave color on the face, including foundation, blacks and browns, i.e., mascara, eye liners, brow colors, eye shadows, blushers, lip colors, and so forth. Skin care products are those used to treat or care for, or somehow moisturize, improve, or clean the skin. Products contemplated by the phrase “skin care products” include, but are not limited to, adhesives, bandages, toothpaste, anhydrous occlusive moisturizers, powder laundry detergent, fabric softener towels, occlusive drug delivery patches, antiperspirants, deodorants, nail polish, powders, tissues, wipes, solid emulsion compact, hair conditioners-anhydrous and the like. The term “foundation” refers to liquid, creme, mousse, pancake, concealer or like product created or reintroduced by cosmetic companies to even out the overall coloring of the skin. Foundation is manufactured to work better over moisturized and/or oiled skin.
As used herein the term “comprising” means that the composition can contain other ingredients which are compatible with the composition and which preferably do not substantially disrupt the compositions of the present invention. The term encompasses the terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.
Essential Components
Vitamin B
3
Compound
The compositions of the present invention comprise a safe and effective amount of a natural or synthetic cylindrical crystalline vitamin B
3
compound. The compositions of the present invention preferably comprise from above 0.01% to about 50%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 30%, even more preferably 0.5% to about 20%, most preferably from about 1% to about 10% of the vitamin B
3
compound.
wherein R is —CONH
2
(i.e., niacinamide), —COOH (i.e., nicotinic acid) or —CH
2
OH (i.e., nicotinyl alcohol); derivatives thereof; and salts of any of the foregoing.
Exemplary derivatives of these vitamin B
3
compounds as used herein include vitamin B
3
derivatives known in the art such as nicotinic acid esters, including non-vasodilating esters of nicotinic acid, nicotinyl amino acids, and nicotinyl alcohol esters of carboxylic acids, and also include nicotinic acid N-oxide and niacinamide N-oxide.
Suitable esters of nicotinic acid include nicotinic acid esters of C
1
-C
22
, preferably C
1
-C
16
more preferably C
1
-C
6
alcohols. The alcohols are suitably straight-chain or branched chain, cyclic or acyclic, saturated or unsaturated (including aromatic), and substituted or unsubstituted. The esters are preferably non-rubifacient. As used herein, “non-rubifacient” means that the ester does not commonly yield a visible flushing response after application to the skin in the subject compositions (the majority of the general population would not experience a visible flushing response, although such compounds may cause vasodilation not visible to the naked eye). Alternatively, a nicotinic acid material which is rubifacient at higher doses could be used at a lower dose to reduce the rubifacient effect. Non-rubifacient esters of nicotinic acid include tocopherol nicotinate and inositol hexan icotinate.
Other derivatives of the vitamin B
3
compound are derivatives of niacinamide resulting from substitution of one or more of the amide group hydrogens. Nonlimiting examples of derivatives of niacinamide useful herein include nicotinyl amino acids, derived, for example, from the reaction of an activated nicotinic acid compound (e.g., nicotinic acid azide or nicotinyl chloride) with an amino acid, and nicotinyl alcohol esters of organic carboxylic acids (e.g., C1-C18). Specific examples of such derivatives include nicotinuric acid, which has the following chemical structure:
Exemplary nicotinyl alcohol esters include nicotinyl alcohol esters of the carboxylic acids salicylic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, palmitic acid and the like. Other non-limiting examples of vitamin B
3
compounds useful herein are 2-chloronicotinamide, 6-aminonicotinamide, 6-methylnicotinamide, n-methyl-nicotinamide, n,n-diethylnicotinamide,

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