Cryptography – Video cryptography – Copy protection or prevention
Reexamination Certificate
2000-02-03
2002-02-12
Cangialosi, Salvatore (Department: 2661)
Cryptography
Video cryptography
Copy protection or prevention
C380S228000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06347144
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a copy prevention technology for a digital video system, and more particularly, to a copy prevention method and apparatus for a digital VCR to which encryption is introduced to display a picture only in a VCR internally containing a corresponding encryption code, thereby preventing tape from being copied.
General copy prevention methods for analog VCR are presented in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,819,098, 4,571,642 and 4,577,216.
First, U.S. Pat. NO. 4,819,098 discloses a method in which an interference signal is inserted into a video waveform in an automatic gain control circuit (AGC) of a VCR. Here, the inserted signal does not affect the AGC of its monitor but has the AGC of the VCR record an accurate level of signal on a video tape.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,571,642, there is presented a method in which a phase noise or other corrected signal is inserted into the chrome burst of a video waveform.
However, all the conventional technologies insert a distributing signal to an analog signal using the difference between a circuit of a monitor and a corresponding circuit of a VCR. Some VCRs may perform copy normally despite of copy prevention. Some monitors cannot display images of the original video tape. A conventional copy prevention introduced to an analog VCR system is hard to be applied to digital storage media (DSM).
Specifically, in a satellite receiver or high-definition TV decoder, as shown in
FIG. 2
, an MPEG bit stream received by a digital VCR is constructed to transmit a transport header, packetized elementary stream (PEG) header and audio and video data respectively or simultaneously.
The PES header contains a PES header flag area of 14 bits which is a field for DSM such as digital VCR, and a PES header field having a variable length. The PES header flag area includes 1-bit copyright (CR) flag, 1-bit original-or-copy (OC) flag, 2-bit PD flag, 1-bit TM flag, and 1-bit AC flag.
The PES header field varies in length, and part thereof is set by the PC, TM and AC flags. A PTS/DTS area is not present if the value of the PD flag is “00”. It is 40 bits if the value “10”. If the value is “11”, the area is 80 bits. A DSM trick mode field is not present if the TM flag is “0”. If the flag is “1”, the field is 8 bits. An additional copy information field is 8 bits if the AC flag is “1”.
When recording is carried out by the satellite receiver or high-definition TV decoder and compressed video data is encoded in encoder
101
, it is converted into a packet form in packet processing portion
122
as shown in FIG.
1
. If the compressed audio data is encoded in audio encoder
103
, it is converted into a packet form in packet processing portion
104
.
When the outputs of packet processing portions
102
and
104
are multiplexed in transmission multiplexer
105
, a fixed transmission stream shown in
FIG. 2
is output to a digital VCR. In this case, for copy prevention, a public-key encryption is applied which is suggested in U.S. Pat. No. 4,200,770. This solves disadvantages in key management or key distribution when a conventional block-cipher or stream cipher algorithm such as data encryption standard (DES) encrypts or decrypts only with a secret key.
This public-key encryption system has all users U hold unique encryption algorithm E
PK
U
and description algorithm D
PK
U
. Here, encryption algorithm E
PK
U
for the public-key is opened as a public-key to key supply portion
107
. Decryption algorithm D
PK
U
for secret key is kept in secret. The characteristics of E
PK
U
and D
PK
U
are as follows.
First, with respect to all users U and message m transmitted, D
PK
U
(E
PK
U
(m))=m.
Second, encryption algorithm E
PK
U
and decryption algorithm D
PK
U
do not require complicated calculation.
Third, it is impossible to find D
PK″
U
satisfying D
PK″
U
(E
PK
U
(m))=m from encryption algorithm E
PK
U
.
In the encryption system having the above characteristics, as shown in
FIG. 3
, when user A transmits message m to user B, encrypter
106
receiving public-key algorithm E
PK
U
for user B's public-key from key supply portion
107
encrypts message m (E
PK
U
(m))=c) and transmits the result to decrypter
109
via a public channel. Here, the public channel indicates a channel in which transmitted data is not kept in secret.
Key decrypter
108
receiving the key information from key supply portion
107
outputs an algorithm D
PK
B
corresponding to encryption algorithm E
PK
B
, decrypter
109
decrypts (D
PK
B
(c))=m) the output of encrypter
106
with decryption algorithm D
PK
B
, and then transmits user B. In other words, only user B can decrypt decryption algorithm D
PK
B
corresponding to encryption algorithm E
PK
B
.
A concept developed from the public-key encryption is presented in U.S. Pat. No. 4,405,829. This public-key encryption system is called RSA system. A method in which the RSA public-key encryption is efficiently calculated via batch processing is presented in U.S. Pat. No. 4,964,164.
However, this public-key encryption is inappropriate for high-velocity encryption. A CA system is to present illegal view. However, there is no method of protecting a program distributed through a digital storage medium such as digital VCR.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to an illegal copy prevention method and apparatus for a digital video system in which, in copy tape, encrypted key information is transmitted and recorded so that a copied tape is reproducible only in a VCR having a corresponding encrypted key information, thereby prevented copy.
To accomplish the object of the present invention, there is provided a copy prevention method for a digital video system comprising the steps of: (a) adding a header area of a header start code and key field to a reproduced bit stream; (b) decrypting and transmitting the bit stream to which the header area is added; (c) detecting a key field of the decrypted and transmitted bit stream and detecting copy prevention information; and (d) encrypting the bit stream according to information detected from step (c) and recording it on tape.
For the object of the present invention, there is provided a copy prevention apparatus for a digital video system comprising: a reproduction block for adding key information to a reproduced bit stream, and decrypting and transmitting it; and a recording block for searching key information of the bit stream transmitted from the reproduction block is extract copy prevention information, and encrypting and recording the bit stream according to the extracted copy prevention information.
The reproduction block comprises: reproduction means for reproducing data recorded on tape; key insertion means for adding key information to the bit stream of the reproduction means; and decryption means for decrypting the output of the key insertion means and transmitting it to a recording-side VCR.
The recording block comprises: key detecting/correcting means for detecting key information from the transmitted bit stream of a reproducing-side VCR: copy prevention information detecting means for searching the key information detected from the key detecting/correcting means to detect copy prevention information; encrypting means for encrypting the bit stream according the copy prevention information of the copy prevention information detecting means; and recording means for recording the bit stream encrypted in the encrypting means.
The copy prevention information detecting means comprises: a PES header detecting portion for detecting a PES header from parallel data output from the key detecting/correcting means; and a copy prevention information extractor enabled by a PES header detection signal of the PES header detecting portion to detect an additional copy information field.
REFERENCES:
patent: 4694489 (1987-09-01), Frederiksen
patent: 4890319 (1989-12-01), Seth-Smith et al.
patent: 4937679 (1990-06-01), Ryan
patent: 5054064 (1991-10-01), Walker et al.
patent: 5057947 (1991-10-01), Shimada
patent:
Cangialosi Salvatore
LG Electronics Inc.
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