Measuring and testing – Testing by impact or shock – Specimen impactor detail
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-11
2001-02-06
Noori, Max (Department: 2855)
Measuring and testing
Testing by impact or shock
Specimen impactor detail
C073S035140
Reexamination Certificate
active
06182496
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention described herein relates to explosive pressure test devices and in particular to crusher gauges for measuring peak pressure within weapons and artillery shells during gun fire.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Crusher gauges have been known in the art for many years. Some earlier examples include a copper pellet crusher using a piston arrangement as depicted in U.S. Pat. No. 2,620,652 by Hartmann (1952). A later disclosure, U.S. Pat. No. 2,870,631 by Musser et al (1959) depicts a device for positioning and housing of crusher gauges. In more recent years, it has been desired to measure peak pressures inside large caliber artillery shells. In order to accomplish these measurements, cylindrically-shaped crusher gauges have been used. As these crusher gauges must remain oriented and positioned within a shell during the firing of the shell, gauge holders within the shell are necessary. Typical of such prior art gauge holder is the neoprene holder device having a neoprene locking ring. The neoprene holder has a series of bore holders around the periphery for insertion of the crusher gauges. Additionally, a center bore is provided for the purpose of mounting the holder by sliding it over the shell's primer tube. The locking ring is also center-bored and is slid down over the primer tube in a similar manner. As the locking ring's outside diameter is slightly greater than the inside diameter of the edges of the peripheral holes on the holder, the locking ring wedges against the crusher gauges holding them in place.
Certain problems remain with these prior art holders. Typically, these gauge holders are inserted into the neoprene disk that is placed over the primer tube at the bottom of the cartridge case. Another neoprene disk, the locking ring, is placed over the gauge holder assembly. When the propelling charge with the gauge holder assembly is rammed to its seated position, the assembly slides forward on the primer tube as the propellant bed shifts forward (leaving a finite space). During ignition, the gauge assembly is forced into the base of the case damaging the gauges. During this process gauges may be dislodged from the holder and upon extraction and ejection of the spent case the gauges fall into the gun operating mechanism, foul the gun barrel, are propelled through the barrel forward of the gun mount or remain in the cartridge case. When the gauge holder is slammed into the base of the cartridge case the steel/copper holder is deformed and could be affecting the copper gauge readings.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a crusher gauge holder which encapsulates and protects crusher gauges during the propellant ignition process.
It is another object of the invention to provide a crusher gauge holder having means for retaining gauges and holder in position and seated against the base of the cartridge case during the entire cycle of loading, firing, extracting and ejecting.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a crusher gauge holder
In accordance with-these and other objects, the invention is a copper crusher gauge holder comprising a cylindrical assembly having an upper plate and a lower plate sandwiching a layer of pliable material. The upper and lower plates are connected by machine screws with a gap between the plates of ¾ of an inch. The lower plate is threaded to accept the machine screws, while the upper plate has a snug fit sufficient to hold the plates in position during assembly. Both plates are pre-drilled with four holes to accept copper crusher gauges and to a center bore hole to form a loose fit over the center primer tube. To form the assembly, the plates are connected by machine screws leaving a
3
/
4
inch gap between plates.
The plate-screw combination is then inserted into a cartridge case by sliding the combination over the cartridge primer tube. Using the cartridge as a mold, urethane rubber or other pliable material is poured into the base of the cartridge. After curing, the assembly is removed from the cartridge and the copper crusher gauge holes are cleared of rubber. The gauge holder is now ready for use by inserting copper crusher gauges in each gauge hole and re-inserting the assembly into a cartridge to be tested. After the assembly is seated at the bottom of the cartridge, the machine screws are tightened a few turns causing the rubber to expand lateral thereby securing the assembly to the center primer tube and also securing each crusher gauge in place.
REFERENCES:
patent: 815468 (1906-03-01), Du Pont
patent: 2620652 (1952-12-01), Hartmann
patent: 2870631 (1959-01-01), Musser et al.
patent: 3343400 (1967-09-01), Rogers et al.
patent: 3693432 (1972-09-01), Stewart et al.
patent: 3879982 (1975-04-01), Schmidt
patent: 4696182 (1987-09-01), Meir
patent: 4821584 (1989-04-01), Lembke
patent: 5222399 (1993-06-01), Kropp
patent: 5551279 (1996-09-01), Quick
patent: 5987962 (1999-11-01), Bowie et al.
Bowen Raymond E.
Bowie Eugene W.
Bechtel, Esq. James B.
Bergen, Esq. Peter J. Van
Noori Max
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of
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