Compositions – Water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents
Patent
1991-10-24
1993-12-28
Schofer, Joseph L.
Compositions
Water-softening or purifying or scale-inhibiting agents
526206, 526216, 526236, 5263297, 526330, 252DIG2, 25217423, C11D 183, C11D 1835, C08F 206, C08F21808, C08F22014
Patent
active
052736768
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
GB-B-1 164 361 discloses aqueous emulsions of copolymers of vinyl esters and esters of polyalkylene glycols with ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids. The polyalkylene oxide blocks on which these esters are based contain from at least 3 to 25 alkylene oxide units. The copolymers are prepared by copolymerizing the monomers in the form of an aqueous emulsion in the presence of 0.4% by weight, based on the monomers, of polymerization initiators. The copolymers have a relatively high molecular weight. They are used in the form of aqueous latices in architectural coatings and adhesives.
Monomers which in addition to at least 2 ethylenically unsaturated double bonds contain a polyalkylene oxide block in the molecule, e.g. the diesters of a polyethylene glycol of more than 10 ethylene oxide units with acrylic or methacrylic acid, are used according to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,351,922 and 4,163,092 as crosslinkers in the preparation of water-absorbent polymers. However, the resulting copolymers are insoluble in water and alcohols.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,746,456 discloses detergents based on surface-active agents, builders, bleaching agents and customary additives that contain as a grayness inhibitor from 0.1 to 3% by weight of a graft polymer obtainable by grafting polyalkylene oxides of molecular weight 2,000-100,000 with vinyl acetate in a weight ratio of from 1:0.2 to 1:10.
DE-A-3 711 298 discloses using graft polymers obtainable by grafting at least singly end group capped polyalkylene oxides of molecular weight of 300-100,000 based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide with at least one vinyl ester derived from a saturated monocarboxylic acid of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and/or a methyl or ethyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid in a weight ratio of from 1:0.2 to 1:10, as grayness inhibitors in the wash and aftertreatment of synthetic fiber textile material.
According to DE-A-3 711 319, graft polymers obtainable by grafting polyalkylene oxides with at least one vinyl ester derived from a saturated monocarboxylic acid of from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, methyl or ethyl (meth)acrylate, or mixtures of one of said monomers and up to 95% by weight of vinyl acetate, are used as grayness inhibitors in the washing and aftertreatment of synthetic fiber textile material.
It is an object of the present invention to provide novel substances which are suitable for use as effective detergent additives and which, compared with known polymeric ingredients, shall ideally have better properties.
We have found that this object is achieved by copolymers which have K values of from 10 to 80 (determined by the method of Fikentscher in dimethylformamide at 25.degree. C. with a polymer concentration of 2% by weight) and which are obtainable by copolymerizing monomer mixtures of a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol or water-soluble alkoxylation product of a polyhydric alcohol of a molecular weight of from 458 to 15,000 or (B) a water-soluble alkoxylated monohydric C.sub.1 -C.sub.25 -alcohol having a molecular weight of up to 5,000 by subjecting compound (A) or (B) to -carboxylic acid, compound (A) or (B) which is reacted with a monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -carboxylic acid to prepare the corresponding carboxamide, -C.sub.10 -alkenyl halide, and -monocarboxylic acid or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl ester of monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -monocarboxylic acid 5% by weight, based on the monomers, of a polymerization initiator, and, if the amount of initiator is less than 2% by weight, additionally in the presence of a polymerization regulator.
The copolymers are used as detergent additives in amounts of from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the detergent formulation. In detergent formulations they act as grayness inhibitors in the washing of textile material based on polyester or polyester-cotton, and also increase the primary detergency.
The above-described isopropanol-soluble copolymers are prepared by copolymerizing monomers of groups (a) and (b). As monomers of group (a) it is possible to use ethyleni
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Boeckh Dieter
Hartmann Heinrich
Kud Alexander
Seelmann-Eggebert Hans-Peter
Trieselt Wolfgang
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Cheng Wu C.
Schofer Joseph L.
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