Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
1995-01-18
2001-08-21
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C424S070100, C424S073000, C424S059000, C514S859000, C514S887000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06277385
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to low-stinging coolant compositions for application to the skin characterized by containing a multiplicity of specific coolant compounds and low or zero levels of alcohol solvents.
BACKGROUND
Compositions of various types have incorporated within them components which provide cooling sensation to skin. Such compositions include perfumes, lotions, shaving cream and gels, post-shaving preparations, shampoos, antiperspirants, deodorants, anti-acne medicines, first aid ointments, and a variety of other skin care and pharmaceutical products that are applied to the skin.
It is well established that the “cooling” effect of menthol is a physiological effect due to the direct action of menthol on the nerve endings of the human body responsive for the detection of hot or cold and is not due to latent heat of evaporation. It is believed that the menthol acts as a direct stimulus on the cold receptors at the nerve endings which in turn stimulate the central nervous system.
Although menthol is well established as a physiological coolant, its use and effectiveness is limited in some types of compositions by its strong minty odor and its relative volatility, particularly for perfumes, colognes, pre- or post-shave lotions, etc., where aroma is an important aesthetic attribute. The high volatility of menthol limits the period of time which it can provide cooling sensation. The high volatility of menthol can also result in eye sting for compositions applied to the face or in the vicinity of the eyes.
The cooling effect of menthol and other related terpene alcohols and their derivatives has also been studied and reported in Koryo, 95, (1970), pp. 39-43. 2,3-p-menthane diol has also been reported as having a sharp cooling taste (Beilstein, Handbuch der Organischen Cheme, 4th Ed. (1923) Vol. 6, p. 744).
Carboxamides have also been disclosed for use as coolants in a variety of compositions. Two patents describing such materials and compositions are U.S. Pat. No. 4,136,163, Jan. 23, 1979 to Watson et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 4,230,688, Oct. 28, 1980 to Rowsell et al. These patents as well as those set forth above are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
Ethanol and other volatile alcohols are commonly used in topical skin compositions to provide a coolant effect. The cooling sensation from volatile alcohols is due primarily to the latent heat of evaporation from the skin. After shave and pre-shave lotions typically contain high levels of ethanol, since it provides a cooling effect and does not interfere with the pleasing aroma typically associated with these products. Ethanol provides a strong initial cooling sensation, however cooling dissipates relatively rapidly as the ethanol evaporates. Unfortunately, the volatile alcohols also tend to impart a stinging sensation in addition to cooling, particularly with respect to skin that has been cut or recently shaved.
It is an object of this invention to provide improved coolant compositions for topical application to the skin.
In particular, it is an object of this invention to provide coolant compositions for application to the skin which can provide an improved cooling in combination with low sting to the skin and eyes.
It is a further object of this invention to provide coolant compositions, as described above, which can provide improved cooling over an extended period of time.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide such improved coolant compositions which need not contain aromatic ingredients, such as menthol, which can cause eye sting or adversely interfere with other fragrances incorporated into the composition.
The invention hereof, including its essential elements as well as a variety of additional ingredients, is described below. The compositions and method hereof can comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of the essential elements as well as any of the additional ingredients or limitations discussed herein.
All percentages reported herein are by weight of the total composition and all ratios are by weight unless otherwise specifically indicated.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides aqueous coolant compositions useful for topical application to the skin which impart minimal or no sting and are characterized by both good initial cooling and long lasting cooling sensation upon application to the skin, without requiring the use of odoriferous coolants. The compositions hereof are particularly suitable for pre- and post-shave lotions, perfumes, colognes, etc.
The compositions hereof comprise mixture of particular coolants in an aqueous carrier which contains no more than about 30%, by weight, C
1
-C
6
alcohol.
The present invention also provides a method for providing a cooling sensation to the skin comprising applying an effective amount of a composition hereof to the skin.
More specifically, the compositions of the present invention comprise:
(I) a first coolant component which is an acyclic carboxamide coolant component of the formula:
where:
(i) R′ and R″ independently are hydrogen, C
1
-C
5
alkyl, or C
1
-C
8
hydroxyalkyl, R′ and R″ provide a total of no more than 8 carbon atoms, and when R′ is hydrogen, R″ may also be alkyl-carboxyalkyl of up to 6 carbon atoms
(ii) R′ and R″, when taken together, represent an alkylene group of up to 6 carbon atoms, the opposite ends of which are attached to the amide nitrogen atom to form a nitrogen heterocycle, the carbon chain of which optionally being interrupted by oxygen;
(iii) R′ is hydrogen or C
1
-C
5
alkyl; R
2
and R
3
independently are C
1
-C
5
alkyl; with the proviso that: (a) R
1
, R
2
, and R
3
together provide a total of at least 5 carbon atoms; and (b) when R
1
is hydrogen, R
2
is C
2
-C
5
alkyl and R
3
is C
3
-C
5
alkyl and at least one of R
2
and R
3
is branched;
(II) a second coolant component which is a 3-substituted-p-menthane of the formula:
where
R′ is hydrogen or an aliphatic radical containing up to 25 carbon atoms;
R″ is hydroxy or an aliphatic radical containing up to 25 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when R′ is hydrogen R″ may also be an aryl radical of up to 10 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of substituted phenyl, phenalkyl and substituted naphthyl, and pyridyl; and R′ and R″, when taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, represent a cyclic or heterocyclic group of up to 25 carbon atoms;
(III) an aqueous vehicle suitable for topical application to the skin; and
(IV) a cosmetically active ingredient or medicament; wherein said composition contains no more than about 30% by weight of C
1
-C
6
monohydric alcohol.
In other embodiments hereof, the compositions contain other cosmetic ingredients or medicaments suitable for application to the skin in place of or in addition to fragrance.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3936398 (1976-02-01), Tavares et al.
patent: 4136163 (1979-01-01), Watson et al.
patent: 4136164 (1979-01-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4137304 (1979-01-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4137305 (1979-01-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4153679 (1979-05-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4230688 (1980-10-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4248859 (1981-02-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4279891 (1981-07-01), Henkel et al.
patent: 4296255 (1981-10-01), Rowsell et al.
patent: 4548743 (1985-10-01), Sprecker
patent: 4758599 (1988-07-01), Minetti
patent: 5009893 (1991-04-01), Cherukuri et al.
patent: 2608-226 (1977-09-01), None
patent: 0 507 190 A1 (1992-10-01), None
patent: 1315626 (1973-05-01), None
patent: 1351761 (1974-05-01), None
patent: 1404596 (1975-09-01), None
patent: 1422998 (1976-01-01), None
patent: 1432354 (1976-04-01), None
patent: 1434728 (1976-05-01), None
patent: 138085 (1982-04-01), None
Watson, Hems, Rowsell, and Spring, “New Compounds With The Menthol Cooling Effect”, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., vol 29, No. 4, pp 185-200, Apr. 1978.
Lewis Leonard W.
Page Thurman K.
The Procter & Gamble & Company
Winter William J.
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