Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Treatment by living organism
Patent
1997-12-22
1999-11-23
Wyse, Thomas G.
Liquid purification or separation
Processes
Treatment by living organism
210607, 210614, 210626, 210 961, 210143, 2101951, 210903, 210921, C02F 312, C02F 320, C02F 330
Patent
active
059894288
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to improvements in wastewater treatment generally and in particular to wastewater treatment methodology using micro-organisms and means of controlling the metabolic activity of those micro-organisms in a variable volume activated sludge reactor which is intermittently, aerated and decanted. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods and apparatus for controlling the metabolic activity of dispersed growth micro-organisms through the regulated supply of oxygen relative to in basin biomass oxygen uptake rate measurements, to achieve the beneficial result of carbon or carbonaceous material removal, as measured by COD, BOD, TOC; nitrogen removal as measured by TKN, NH.sub.3 --N, NO.sub.2 --N, NO.sub.3 --N; and phosphorous removal, as measured by PO.sub.4 from a wastewater. The present invention finds particular application in treating domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater or a mixture thereof. The invention particularly relates to maximising the rate of removal of biologically degradable materials in a wastewater by micro-organisms by optimising the metabolic activity of the micro-organisms that are used in a single sludge reaction procedure. In so doing it in recognised that there are at least four major species or families of micro-organisms in the overall biological consortia that need to be maintained. Those micro-organisms that are generally responsible for the net removal of carbohydrate type compounds, those micro-organisms that generally oxidise nitrogen compounds to nitrate nitrogen, those micro-organisms that generally denitrify nitrate to nitrogen gas and those micro-organisms that generally participate in enhanced biological phosphorus and in the overall hydrolysis of degradable volatile solids to soluble degradable substrate. UP to 20000 individual species of micro-organisms can be contained in the overall consortia constituting the biomass.
Although the present invention will be described with reference to the treatment of industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater and to the methodology of such treatments, it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to such applications and may be used to treat any type of biologically degradable wastewater or otherwise, and any type of waste including water or waste having the specific impurities or contaminants as discussed herein.
Conventional activated sludge processing requires detailed monitoring information on which to base process control decisions to meet treatment objectives. These analyses, which are well known to practitioners of the art, typically include BOD (total), COD (total), BOD (soluble), COD (soluble), TKN, ORG--N, NO.sub.3 --N, ortho Phosphate, total Phosphate, pH, Alkalinity for both influent and effluent streams. In basin measurements include, Dissolved Oxygen Concentration, Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids Concentration, Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids Concentration, Sludge Settled Volume, Biomass Degradable Fraction (through aerobic digestion of the biomass for 28 days). Simple parameters, incorporating the Potential Oxygen Utilisation Rate (POUR) and its actual utilisation rate are used for the automatic control and operation of a single activated sludge variable volume reactor in order to achieve a very high degree of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus removal without sludge bulking.
The present invention relates to activated sludge wastewater treatment, the principal reactor of which is configured for complete-mix operation. While variable volume intermittently aerated and decanted fed-batch operation can be used as the preferred embodiment, the technique also applies to constant volume continuously aerated complete-mix operation. The keywords are fed-batch, intermittently aerated, complete-mix, reactor basin. In this invention there maybe a series of activated sludge reactors all connected by conduit pipe or other means, with or without means for flow interruption between the said reactors. The last reactor in each series of reactors is termed the pr
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