Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1995-11-27
1998-04-07
Elmore, Reba I.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
364173, 364148, G05B 1302
Patent
active
057372136
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a controlling system comprising a comparator unit, which determines a system deviation from a reference variable and a controlled variable, and comprising a correcting device, which is arranged downstream from the comparator unit and which determines a manipulated variable of a controlled system process.
Generally, controlling systems are used to solve automatic feedback control tasks, e.g., to control the speed of a motor. The speed of a variable-speed controlled motor is determined by a measuring device of the controlling system and fed to a comparator unit. From the acquired controlled variable corresponding to the motor speed and from a reference variable corresponding to a setpoint speed, the comparator unit forms a system deviation. From the system deviation, a correcting device produces a manipulated variable, which acts on a controlled system and effects the desired adjustment of the controlled variable.
The described automatic feedback control task can also be solved by a programmable controller using a program for that purpose. First, the controlled variable existing in analog form is sampled and converted into a digital form. From the controlled variable in digital form and the reference variable, the programmable controller subsequently computes the system deviation and, in accordance with a control algorithm from the system deviation, the manipulated variable. The manipulated variable is output after being converted into an analog quantity. This type of conventional programmable controller has the disadvantage that the individual instructions of the control program are gradually read out from a memory device, interpreted, and the corresponding operations are finally carried out. The time span required to process the control program determines when the reference variable and the controlled variable are sampled. Moreover, the accuracy with which the controlled variable is converted from the analog into the digital form must conform to the desired control accuracy. In addition, individual adaptations of the controlling system to the properties of the controlled system are mostly only possible by increasing the sampling time.
These disadvantages may be eliminated in part by fuzzy controllers. With fuzzy controllers, the instantaneous values of the reference variable and of the controlled variable are initially converted into truth values, for which the numerical range of values of the variables being considered is characterized by linguistic values and described by a membership function (fuzzification). Finally, the linguistic rules are processed and the membership function is retranslated into a representative numerical value of the manipulated variable y (defuzzification). The fuzzy controllers, however, also have the disadvantage of long sampling times.
A process for producing control signals in dependence upon input signals by means of a finite automaton is disclosed in DE-OS 37 43 438. The data storage unit of the automaton is partitioned into areas (or sectors) each one of which is allocated to one instantaneous state. Each area is also divided into subareas. These subareas are each allocated to an input vector: the combinations of the input variables relevant to the current instantaneous state. From the totality of the current incoming input variables, those input variables which are relevant to the current instantaneous state are selected as current input. The subarea of the data storage unit corresponding to the selected input vectors is read out from the area allocated to the instantaneous state and allocated to the current input vector. The reaction time to state changes of the input variables is thereby shortened.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a controlling system for automatic feedback control tasks which acts quickly on a manipulated variable. The controlling system comprises a comparator unit, a correcting device, and a differential device. The comparator unit determines the system deviation from a referenc
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Elmore Reba I.
Garland Steven R.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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