Internal-combustion engines – Two-cycle – Whirl through piston-controlled ports
Patent
1996-10-23
1998-04-14
Okonsky, David A.
Internal-combustion engines
Two-cycle
Whirl through piston-controlled ports
F02B 7502
Patent
active
057380503
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
The invention concerns a two-stroke internal combustion engine as set forth in the classifying portion of claim 1 and a method of operating a two-stroke internal combustion engine as set forth in the classifying portion of claim 13.
German patent specification No 583 885 discloses a two-stroke internal combustion engine and a method of operating same, in which both an inlet duct for air and also an inlet duct for a fuel-air mixture open into a combustion chamber of a cylinder. An exhaust duct for the exhaust gases opens at the cylinder wall in such a way that this known two-stroke internal combustion engine can be scavenged by means of unidirectional or uniflow scavenging. Opening and closing both of the inlet duct for the scavenging or fresh air and also the inlet duct for the fuel-air mixture is effected by way of non-controllable valves whereas the exhaust duct is opened or closed by way of the reciprocating piston. Opening of the valves is effected by virtue of the spring force of the respective valve spring being overcome by means of the medium which is introduced into the combustion chamber. An asymmetrical control diagram can be obtained with that known two-stroke internal combustion engine for the feed of the fresh mixture by virtue of control, which is not described in greater detail, in respect of the blower for the fresh air and the dimensioning of the valves. In contrast, it is only possible to provide a symmetrical control diagram for discharge of the exhaust gases, which results in an increased fuel consumption and a comparatively high level of pollutant emission.
German patent specification No 410 695 also disclosed a two-stroke internal combustion engine wherein a pressure oil-operated slider is disposed in an inlet duct for scavenging air. German patent specification No 410 695 does not disclose whether and in what way the slider is controlled. The exhaust duct is also arranged in relation to the inlet duct in such a way that this known two-stroke internal combustion engine can be scavenged by means of uniflow scavenging. Opening and closure of the exhaust duct are effected by way of the reciprocating piston. It is also to be noted that this known two-stroke internal combustion engine is operated by means of Diesel fuel, for which purpose an injection nozzle arranged within the rotary slider injects Diesel fuel into the combustion chamber at a given time.
Finally DE 40 12 474 A1 discloses a two-stroke internal combustion engine in which both the inlet duct and also the exhaust duct can be opened and closed with a respective valve. In that case scavenging is effected by means of the cross-flow scavenging method which has the disadvantage in relation to the uniflow scavenging method that exhaust gases can remain in the cylinder, in spite of the supply of scavenging air of fresh mixture. As in addition the exhaust duct opens into the cylinder in the region of the combustion chamber, thermal problems occur in that respect.
The object of the present invention is to provide a two-stroke internal combustion engine and a method of operating a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the kind set forth in the opening part of this specification, which, with a higher degree of efficiency, permits a reduced fuel consumption and a lower level of pollution emission.
In a two-stroke internal combustion the foregoing object is attained in that the regulating element of the inlet duct is adapted to be controllable and that a regulating element which is also controllable is arranged in the mouth opening region of the exhaust duct. In this respect controllable regulating element means that the moment of opening or closing, the opening or closing time and/or the opening or closing speed can be controlled in dependence on one or more operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, in particular the rotary angular position of the crankshaft. The proposed construction makes it possible that an asymmetrical control diagram can be provided both for the inlet range and also the exhaust range, w
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