Surgery – Means for introducing or removing material from body for... – Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
Patent
1993-06-02
1996-04-23
Weiss, John G.
Surgery
Means for introducing or removing material from body for...
Treating material introduced into or removed from body...
604151, 222 96, 222105, A61M 100
Patent
active
055099017
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a constant pressure device for use in particular though not exclusively with administration sets which are used for infusing liquids into patients.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Infusing fluids into the human body is done for a variety of medical reasons and there have been a number of apparatuses which have been developed and employed for this purpose.
It is presently well known to provide for liquid infusion into a living body by providing a container acting as a reservoir for holding liquid to be infused and which is connected to the body via a conduit in which the pressure supplying the fluid is created by the gravitational pressure head.
The problem is gravity systems is that the relative height or differential height can be easily and inadvertently changed by the patient (sitting up/walking around or the level of fluid in bag dropping) and it is this change in differential height that is the substantive cause for loss of accuracy requiring manual intervention.
In these systems there are two main factors controlling the actual infusion rate of liquid to be infused into a patient. One is the relative height that the liquid reservoir or container is held relative to the discharge outlet of the fluid and the second factor is the degree of venous back pressure which is experienced as the liquid enters the patient. These factors are significant where infusion tube geometry, fluid viscosity and system resistance are constant.
For medical reasons, it is necessary and desirable on many occasions to keep the flow rate of the liquid within selected limits and this becomes either very difficult or impossible with the prior art device described above.
In the past it has therefore been a difficult matter to provide under the assistance of gravity fluid for infusion into a body at a constant flow rate and to ensure that a selected quantity of the fluid is infused into the body at any given time. The applicant has a co-pending application for a flow controller which is a device for insertion into a fluid supply line in an administration set and which is designed to provide a constant flow rate independent of the factors which may prevent a constant flow rate occurring when infusing fluids into the human body.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention may be used as an adjunct to an administration set having the applicants flow controller or indeed it can be used with any type of administration set or any type of flow control device where a constant flow of infusing fluid is required.
The present invention provides a constant pressure device which is adapted to receive a container or reservoir for holding and discharging at a predetermined constant pressure a fluid for infusion into the body of a patient. The constant pressure delivery is maintained by the device independent of gravity or relative pressure head height and independent of fluid viscosity. The constant pressure device is a mechanical device which can be pre-set to a desired pressure according to the requirements of the infusion in any particular circumstance.
In broad terms the device has a receptacle in which the reservoir or container which is preferably collapsible holding the fluid is inserted. The mechanics of the constant pressure device applies a predetermined and constant pressure to the fluid irrespective of whether the container in which the fluid lies is full or nearly empty and irrespective of its attitude.
In one broad form the present invention comprises a constant pressure device comprising essentially a housing, an energy storage means, a pressure exerting surface linked either directly or indirectly to said storage means, a means for presetting the degree of pressure applied by said pressure means.
In another broad form the present invention comprises; a device for the constant pressure delivery of a fluid from a fluid reservoir for infusion into the body of a patient, said device comprising: housing and said casing said reservoir is disposed in a recess so formed, ener
REFERENCES:
patent: 2761445 (1956-09-01), Cherkin
patent: 3151616 (1964-10-01), Selfon
patent: 5074756 (1991-12-01), Davis
patent: 5131816 (1992-07-01), Brown et al.
Litman Richard C.
Weiss John G.
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