Animal husbandry – Aquatic animal culturing – Fish culturing
Patent
1994-06-23
1996-10-22
Swiatek, Robert P.
Animal husbandry
Aquatic animal culturing
Fish culturing
A01K 6100
Patent
active
055666434
ABSTRACT:
A method and apparatus for controlling aquatic animals, particularly sharks. Electrodes are immersed in a body of water and an electric field is created between the electrodes by applying electrical pulses thereto. The pulses may have a duration of between 0.1 and 200 ms, a repetition rate of between 1 and 60 Hz, and a field strength in the body of water at a distance of 1 m of 1 to 10 V.m.sup.-1 from the electrodes. In a preferred form of the invention, the pulses are generated in pulse trains each comprising a plurality of pulses, with each pulse having a duration of between 0.1 and 3 ms, the pulses in each train being spaced at intervals of between 1 and 30 ms, and the pulse trains being repeated at intervals of between 100 and 1000 ms. In a specific form of the invention, each pulse in such a pulse train has a duration of 2 ms, the pulses in each train are spaced at intervals of 20 ms and the pulse trains are repeated at a frequency of between 2 and 5 Hz.
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Kalmijn, Adrianus J., "The Electric and Magnetic Sense of Sharks, Skates, and Rays," Oceanus, vol. 20, No. 3, WHOI, Woods Hole, Summer 1977 Edition, pp. 45-52.
Smith, E. D., "Electro-Physiology of the Electrical Shark-Repellant," The Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers, vol. 65, No. 8, Aug., 1974, pp. 1-20.
Smith, E. D., "Electric Shark-Barrier: Power-Electronics," The Transactions of the SA Institute of Electrical Engineers, Sep., 1990, pp. 38-43.
Smith, E. D., "Planned Introduction of Electric Shark Barriers to Natal," Chondros, vol. 4, No. 1, Mar. 21, 1993, pp. 1-6.
Charter Graeme E.
Ripley Sherman H.
Starkey Norman G.
Natal Sharks Board
Swiatek Robert P.
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