Multicellular living organisms and unmodified parts thereof and – Method of introducing a polynucleotide molecule into or... – The polynucleotide alters fat – fatty oil – ester-type wax – or...
Patent
1993-06-01
1998-05-12
Robinson, Douglas W.
Multicellular living organisms and unmodified parts thereof and
Method of introducing a polynucleotide molecule into or...
The polynucleotide alters fat, fatty oil, ester-type wax, or...
800DIG9, 800DIG52, 536 236, 536 241, 4351723, 4353201, 435419, C12N 1582, C12N 1529, A01H 400, A01H 500
Patent
active
057508623
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a method for controlling plant cell growth. More particularly, the present invention is directed to controlling plant cell proliferation and differentiation by modulating the levels of a cell cycle control protein or modulating its activity by altering the levels of enzymes that act upon it.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The formation of a plant involves the generation of new cells by the division cycle and development in these of specialised structure and metabolism. specialization is accompanied by a decreasing capacity for division which declines with particular rapidity in cells of monocotyledonous plants, such as cereals.
In yeast, cdc2 gene function is necessary for progress through the two major control points at which the cell cycle can be delayed until the requirements of cell size and nutrition are met (1; 2). The control of these points is effected by the interaction of the cdc2 gene product, p34.sup.cdc2, with stimulatory and inhibitory elements (3; 4).
The possible contribution of changing p34.sup.cdc2 level to control of cell division during development has been little studied in any organism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, it has now been discovered that in the leaves of a cereal plant, a homologue of p34.sup.cdc2 participates in the control of cell division and development. Modulation of expression and/or activity of this protein will enable control of cell proliferation and differentiation and facilitate such processes as plant regeneration and development.
Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention contemplates a method for controlling plant cell growth comprising modulating the level and/or catalytic activity of a cell cycle control protein in said plant for a time and under conditions sufficient to modify or control cell division.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with this aspect of the present invention, "plant cell" means any cell existing in culture as a single cell or a group of cells or as a callus. The cells may also be in a developing plant in culture or may be in a plant growing in nature. The plant cell may be naturally occurring or isolated from a plant or may be a recombinant, mutant or otherwise derivatized plant cell or group of cells. The plant may be either dicotyledonous or monocotyledonous and in the latter case, the cell cycle genes may be additionally used in an initial phase that aids regeneration from protoplast cells. This additional technique to aid resumption of division will be particularly valuable when applied to wheat, barley, oats, maize, rice and other like crops.
For the monocotyledonous plants the present invention has a double advantage: (1) making regeneration from protoplasts easier after the introduction of any beneficial gene; and (2) the addition of cell cycle genes to the plant's genotype. For dicotyledonous plants, advantage (2) particularly applies, since they are already easily regenerable.
Preferably, the cell cycle control protein is p34.sup.cdc2 including its derivatives, homologues and functional analogues. This protein may be homologous to the plant cell being controlled, i.e. is naturally occurring in said cell or may be heterologous to the cell, i.e. the protein or its genetic sequences may be introduced into the cell from a source not originating from the same plant. For example, the control protein may be from another plant or may be from another eukaryotic cell, such as a yeast cell. The p34.sup.cdc2 protein or like molecule may also be a hybrid of molecules and/or be encoded by a hybrid genetic sequence. Use herein of the term "p34.sup.cdc2 or like molecule" encompasses all such homologous or heterologous derivatives, homologues and functional analogues. The present invention extends to other cell cycle control proteins, so termed since they function similarly to p34.sup.cdc2 or control p34.sup.cdc2 activity. Such proteins include p13.sup.suc1, cyclin, cdc25, and the products of nim-1, wee-1 and mik-1
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Haas Thomas
Robinson Douglas W.
The Australian National University
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