Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1993-12-03
1995-11-28
Ruggiero, Joseph
Boots, shoes, and leggings
31856819, 36447436, 395 86, 395 97, G06F 1900
Patent
active
054713951
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to multi-axis computer numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools in which a cutting tool is movable relative to a workpiece under the control of programmable control means including a computer program known as a "part program".
As used herein the term "cutting tool" refers to the portion of the machine that is designed to act upon the workpiece to perform the desired task. In the context of this invention, the cutting tool is not restricted to standard turning or milling cutters, but also includes all mechanical, electronic and/or electro-mechanical devices used to modify the shape and/or properties of the workpiece. Examples of cutting tools include: end-mills, turning tools, grinding wheels, laser cutting beams, plasma beams and punch tools.
Multi-axis CNC machine tools conventionally include a plurality of movable machine members and a plurality of controllable joints movable to cause the cutting tool to move relative to a fixed frame of reference (eg. the machine base). The workpiece may be mounted on workpiece mounting means which is fixed relative to the machine base. Alternatively, the workpiece may be mounted on workpiece mounting means connected to the machine base by further movable machine members and controllable joints.
The joints of a multi-axis machine tool may include prismatic (linear) joints which enable a machine part to be moved in a linear direction and rotary joints which enable a machine part to be rotated about a rotary axis. The programmable control means of a multi-axis CNC machine tool is conventionally programmed to control the position and orientation of the joints to cause the cutting tool to occupy a desired position and orientation relative to the workpiece mounting means.
The term multi- or multiple axis control, when used in the context of CNC machine tools, conventionally refers to a form of CNC control in which the machine may be programmed to control one or more joints concurrently. The development of multi-axis and multifunction machine tools in conjunction with the development of sophisticated computer controlled operations has facilitated the emergence of a generation of very high speed precision machine tools capable of complex multi-step operations from one machine.
In programming a CNC machine tool with multi-axis control a plurality of programmable positioning directions or "axes" are chosen which constitute the minimum number of axes required to position the cutting tool relative to the workpiece. These programmable axes, referred to herein as principal programmable axes may include up to three linear orthogonal axes and one or more rotary axes.
Conventionally, a CNC machine tool has a number of programmable axes and is controlled by part program which serially instructs the machine to perform a sequential series of discrete operations in a predetermined or programmed sequence.
In simple CNC machine tools, the number of joints of the machine is often equal to the number of programmable axes. For instance, a four axis machine tool may have three orthogonal linear or prismatic joints providing control of movement in three orthogonal directions (X, Y and Z), and one rotary joint providing rotation about a rotary axis A. In programming such a four axis machine, the directions X, Y and Z may conveniently be chosen as programmable linear axes and the axis A chosen as a programmable rotary axis.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,591,771 discloses a numerical control system for a five axis CNC machine tool of the type having three linear or prismatic joints controlled by servo motors which provide relative movement between the tool and the workpiece in the directions of the X, Y and Z axes of an orthogonal co-ordinate system and two rotary joints controlled by servo motors which provide rotary movement in the directions of B and C axes of a spherical co-ordinate system. In programming the five axis machine of U.S. Pat. No. 4,591,771 the orthogonal axes X, Y and Z and the rotary axes B and C may be conveniently chosen as programmable axes.
The five axis CNC machine
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ANCA Pty. Ltd.
Ruggiero Joseph
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