Receptacles – Outlet or junction box type – Sectional receptacle
Patent
1988-05-18
1989-12-05
Fox, John
Receptacles
Outlet or junction box type
Sectional receptacle
220469, B09B 100
Patent
active
048847119
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the preparation and long-term running of waste dumps, in particular a container system for this purpose.
DISCUSSION OF THE STATE OF THE ART
Known designs of containers for the storage of wastes can be characterised as follows:
1. On a conventional base seal such as is realised in underground dumps, are erected single or several reinforced concrete containers of circular. hexagonal or rectangular outline. In general they have single-shell reinforced concrete walls and are given a weatherproof cover to avoid entry of rain water. Provision is also made for the application of single or multi-layer sealing coats, possibly with plane inspection surfaces in between, on these concrete walls and on the mineral or solid floor of the structure.
These types of waste stores have a few essential disadvantages:
(a) Preliminary treatment, solidification and in many cases even drying are prerequisites for storage of the wastes.
(b) The container is checked for sealing tightness most extensively by so-called leak indicator layers. Automated checking of this kind entails the risk of failure during the lifetime of the store. At best, the outsides of the outer walls of the containers are accessible to visual checking which can be repeated indefinitely.
(c) Even a multi-layer design of the sealing systems does not restrict the defect described under (b). Possibly it offers a delay in time of failure of the seal, as no materials for the encasement of wastes which have unlimited resistance to the various types of chemical and/or biological attack have existed up to now, on account of the nature of the waste materials.
(d) Even if it is assumed that the leak indicator system is still functioning at the time of damage, there can be no controllable elimination of the damage while the container is full. Complete or partial emptying of the waste store for the purpose of repair leads to new storage and environmental problems on account of the composition of the waste, which generally defies definition.
(e) The only possible method of repair available while the store is full is subsequent injection of the leaking area, by grouting the leak indicator layer in a certain area. Apart from the open question of the material for this injection, the process is innately fraught with a number of imponderable questions. Checking whether the whole space between a damaged barrier layer and one which is hopefully still intact, is not possible selectively. Due to the fact that at least one of the adjoining sealing skins has a leak, injected material passes in quantities which cannot be measured into neighbouring regions which are not meant to be injected at all. As the injection of thin layers can take place efficiently only under high pressures, there is a risk of additional damage occurring at the boundaries between layers. Furthermore it is basically questionable whether the injection pipes or hoses installed on erection of the apparatus are still functioning at the time of the damage occurring. Finally, the sealing action of the injected material must also be questioned, as other materials do not adhere to the sealing skins which enclose a leak indicator layer and which are generally made of polyethylene or the like, on account of the anti-adhesive properties of these plastics. Thus the required bonding effect cannot be achieved between the sealing skin and the injected material. As a result there is a risk of this injected layer floating or trailing.
2. Other storage systems for wastes also have, in modification or completion of those described under 1, a floor which can be walked upon, which generally consists of a multiple-support reinforced concrete slab and which on the waste side is again covered with one or more sealing layers, with leak indicator layers in between in certain circumstances. Here, as described under 1(b), visual checking is of course possible on the side of the floor facing away from the waste. The same reservations as described under 1(b)-(e) apply to repair of t
REFERENCES:
patent: 4307814 (1981-12-01), Ihira
patent: 4390040 (1983-06-01), Beyen
patent: 4638920 (1987-01-01), Goodhues
patent: 4715513 (1987-12-01), Shelton, Jr.
Bomhard Helmut
Fischer Ernst
Rudat Dieter
Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG
Fox John
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