Electric heating – Metal heating – Cutting or disintegrating
Patent
1994-12-05
1996-10-15
Evans, Geoffrey S.
Electric heating
Metal heating
Cutting or disintegrating
219 6914, B23H 100, B23H 1100, B23H 110
Patent
active
055651151
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for electric-discharge machining of a work piece positioned in an all-enclosing container for a dielectric supplied and extracted subject to pressure.
DISCUSSION OF THE PRIOR ART
The state of the art is represented by DE AS 1 294 162 and AS 1 139 359, by H. Opitz, Modell fur die selbsttatige Prozessoptimierung bei der funkenerosive Bearbeitung, Industrie-Anzeiger 93, 87(Oct. 19, 1971), pp. 2169-70, and by R. Kurr, Adaptive Control-Systeme fur die Funkenerosion, VDI-Z 115, 10(Jul. 1973), pp. 848-53).
The particular dielectric employed in electric-discharge machining extensively determines how many particles are eroded from the work piece, how precisely and satisfactorily it can be machined, and how rapidly the electrodes wear out. The rinse insulates the die sinker and the work piece, increases the effective density at the site of erosion, keeps the electrode and work piece cool, and flushes away the particles eroded.
Dielectric rinsing can be carried out in various ways, especially in electric-discharge machining with a die sinker. Eroding particles from a die sinker in a container open at the top or entirely enclosed and partly or entirely occupied by a dielectric fluid for example is known. Depending on what type of machining is desired (e.g. rough, fine, or very fine), on the geometry of the work piece and electrode, and on what dielectric is employed, the rinse can be applied subject to gravity, pressure, or suction, by displacement (e.g. rinsing the electrode), or by a combination thereof.
To ensure effective rinsing the dielectric is filtered of particles eroded from both electrodes, the work piece and the die sinker that is, and cooled in a filter. Compression and suction pumps convey the dielectric into and out of the container.
Exposing the rinse to, or supplying it subject to, high pressure while the work piece is being roughed out and relatively coarse particles are being eroded is recommended. The dielectric container must for this purpose entirely surround the site of erosion to an extent that will ensure the level of pressure necessary for eroding particles. To accelerate the erosion, that is, the density of flow is increased, which in turn accelerates the flow of dielectric in the operating gap.
FIGS. 5a through e are schematic illustrations of known electric-discharge machines and of various known rinsing devices and containers wherein the rinse is conveyed through the operating gap subject to pressure. FIG. 5a is a section through an electric-discharge machine, whereby the die sinker is eroding in an open container. FIG. 5b illustrates a machine wherein the dielectric is conveyed subject to pressure through a line in the die sinker. FIG. 5c illustrates suctioning the dielectric out through a line in the electrode. FIG. 5d illustrates suctioning the dielectric out through a line in the work piece. FIG. 5e illustrates supplying the dielectric through a line in the work piece.
The rate of flow of the dielectric must be maintained as constant as possible to maintain machining results and surface quality as constant as possible. In die sinker erosion it is accordingly of particular advantage to pump the dielectric into the container from outside in order to maintain an adequate and constant rate.
FIGS. 6a and 6b illustrate a known electric-discharge machine wherein the work piece and the die sinker are accommodated in a completely enclosed pressurized vessel or hermetically sealed container. The dielectric is extracted from the site of erosion and from the container through the die sinker as illustrated in FIG. 6a or through the work piece as illustrated in FIG. 6b.
The container comprises two halves. The first, a sort of hood, is forced against the second, the base, by a force K. The machinery must apply enough force K to seal the container. A sleeve extends through the ceiling of the container, and the work piece can be machined by lowering the electrode in the direction indicated by arrow Z.
Although the resistance to press
REFERENCES:
patent: 3399125 (1968-08-01), Mikoshiba et al.
patent: 3409535 (1968-11-01), Ross et al.
patent: 3541290 (1970-11-01), Isarie
patent: 3711676 (1973-01-01), Witzel
patent: 4208256 (1980-06-01), Inoue
patent: 4361745 (1982-11-01), Rupert et al.
patent: 4367400 (1983-01-01), Otto et al.
AG Fur Industrielle Elektonik
Evans Geoffrey S.
Hildebrand Christa
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