Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Opaque stonelike module – With layered stonelike components
Patent
1995-10-06
1998-11-17
Friedmen, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Opaque stonelike module
With layered stonelike components
47 56, 47 83, 52596, 52600, 52610, 5274519, 405258, 405284, E02D 500, E02D 1720
Patent
active
058361294
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to an element for structures, in particular for greenable supporting or sound-proofing structures, The invention furthermore relates to a relevant set of structural parts as well as to a structure made with such structural parts or sets of structural parts, and to a process for the production of structural elements and structures of the said type.
Structural elements of the aforementioned type are generally known as gabions comprising a casing part made of comparatively large-meshed wire grating and a filling of a suitably coarse, generally block-like rock material. Layered on top of one another, these elements are used for retaining walls with a low height. They are susceptible to damage and in the long run to corrosion of the front, exposed grating, as a result of which the stability and supporting affect are adversely affected or undone. A greening is possible only when in addition suitable soil is put on. The production is complicated, in particular because of the requirements in respect of the grain or block size and quality of the rock material.
Furthermore, from the EP 0 197 000 B1 a structural element is known with a U-shaped grate casing open at the back, which is lined with a geotextile through which plants can grow. Inside the casing a soil suitable for greening is provided. When using such structural elements, the supporting filling must be put into position and possibly compacted during the construction of the wall, after the individual casing parts have been put in place. This makes the production complicated. Moreover, unless a high-quality material is used for the filling, also the carrying capacity is limited due to the substantially open back part.
The object of the invention, therefore, is the creating of structural elements, a corresponding set of structural parts and of structures, as well as corresponding production processes, which permit a simple and uncomplicated production or process implementation, a high carrying capacity as well as, if desired, an intensive greening.
The invention will be explained in greater details with reference to the exemplified embodiments illustrated diagrammatically in the drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective partial view of a first embodiment of a structural element according to the invention,
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the structural element of FIG. I on a larger scale,
FIG. 3, is a cut-out of a casing part with grating and netting part,
FIG. 4 to
FIG. 8 each illustrate another embodiment of a structural element according to the invention in cross-section,
FIG. 9 is the cross-section of a structural element according to the invention with a cut-out of the front part of a retaining wall,
FIG. 10 and
FIG. 11 each show a cut-out of the front part of a retaining wall according to the invention,
FIG. 12 to
FIG. 11 each show in cross-section a structural element according to the invention being produced in a supporting mould to illustrate exemplified embodiments of production processes according to the invention,
FIG. 16 shows a cut-out of a supporting or revetment structure made of structural parts of the type illustrated in FIG. 15,
FIG. 17 is a view of an alternative casing wall which can be shortened,
FIG. 18 is a vertical cross-section of a slope supporting wall made of structural elements modified compared to the type of FIG. 15,
FIG. 19 and
FIG. 20 each show on a larger scale the areas marked F19 and F20 in FIG. 18
FIG. 21 shows a clamp element for the movable connection of grate bars in structural elements according to the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a beam-shaped structural element with a casing part MT , which consists of a substantially dimensionally stable grating part GT, preferably of galvanised steel wire, and an in relation to this grating part finer-meshed and more ductile netting part NT, here, for example, of geotextile or geofleece. The casing part consists here of a bottom U-section and an upper bridging element UE, which is connected to the long edges of the U-section--as indicated in FIG. 2--by, for example,
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Friedmen Carl D.
Wilkens Kevin D.
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