Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Wall – ceiling – floor – or roof designed for ventilation or...
Patent
1997-10-17
1999-06-22
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Wall, ceiling, floor, or roof designed for ventilation or...
5278415, 527941, E04B 100
Patent
active
059137894
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present application relates to a thermal insulating or fire retardant construction element and a lead-through duct for leading smoke pipes therethrough, in accordance with the preamble in claims 1 and 8 below.
To date, it has been usual to construct thermal insulating or fire retardant walls, for example, in connection with fireplaces, with construction blocks of solid, isotropic material, such as, e.g., Leca (light expanded clay aggregate) or Siporex. This is a very labour-intensive operation, as the construction blocks must first be laid one by one and then the wall must be plastered. This takes a long time and causes a lot of dust and dirt in the vicinity the work place. Moreover, the weight of a wall of this kind is great, about 90 kg/m.sup.2 wall.
Construction elements comprising layers of insulating material are known in general from, e.g., SE 415 845 and GB-1 252 562. However, these are designed for the outer walls of a construction and are not constructed for and will not be suited to insulation between a fireplace and a combustible wall.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a thermal insulating and fire retardant construction element is provided which can be installed by a fireplace in a far simpler, faster and cleaner manner than conventional structures. This element is characterised in that it consists of an outer layer of reinforced concrete and an intermediate layer consisting of thermal insulating or fire retardant insulating material which withstands high temperatures, and that the panel has at least one cavity on the side that is to face in towards the construction wall, with one or more openings at the lower edge and the upper edge of the panel to permit circulation of air between the panel and the wall therebehind. This is also disclosed in the priority application, NO 951495, of the present application.
The element according to the invention can be installed as a thermal-insulating or fire retardant wall in full height. Consequently, there is no need to build the wall up of more elements. The wall does not weigh more than about 30 kg/m.sup.2 wall and so is easy to transport. The element can quite simply be put in place and bonded to the wall behind by means of, e.g., cement paste.
The low weight of the element will allow greater scope with regard to the weight of the actual fireplace, e.g., the fireplace insert, as there are strict weight limitations governing the weight of everything which is located within a certain area around the fireplace. Thus, it is possible to make larger and more resplendent fireplaces if so desired.
According to one embodiment of the present invention air is to circulate behind the element in that air flows in through openings at the lower edge of the element and out through openings at the upper edge thereof. However, in the priority application of this application there is nothing to suggest how the openings could be positioned, even though it would be correct to say that there is an indication that the openings at the upper edge may be on the top of the element. One of the objectives of the present application is to provide a practical solution with regard to the positioning of these openings, so that the desired air circulation effect is achieved and at the same time the drawbacks of dust accumulation and the risk of articles falling behind the element are minimized whilst allowing greatest possible flexibility with a view to the positioning of the stove or fireplace.
This is achieved by positioning at least the lower openings in one or both vertical end faces of the element.
To enable this construction element to be used in connection with stoves or fireplaces, it must be feasible to feed a smoke pipe through the element to the chimney behind.
Today, the minimum requirement with regard to the space between the smoke pipe and the closest combustible material is 23 cm. This causes major problems as many chimneys are so narrow that it is simply not possible to achieve 23 cm of chimney on each side of
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patent: 773647 (1904-11-01), Kidder
patent: 3540116 (1970-11-01), Drahos et al.
patent: 5187913 (1993-02-01), Leveau
patent: 5262217 (1993-11-01), Blaauw
patent: 5313753 (1994-05-01), Sanger
patent: 5351454 (1994-10-01), Hahne et al.
patent: 5440846 (1995-08-01), Record
Henriksen Morten
Varre Stian
Dorsey Dennis L.
Friedman Carl D.
Hoppin Ralph F.
Lipsitz Barry R.
Peismakern AS
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