Connection preferably for medical use

Details Connection preferably for medical use Connection preferably for medical use

1989-01-30

1990-11-06

Yasko, John D.

Surgery

Means for introducing or removing material from body for...

Treating material introduced into or removed from body...

604 83, 604905, A61M 2500

Patent

active

049683098

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a connection, especially for medical applications, comprising two connection halves capable of being attached to one another and separated from one another, each having at least one union, and a device supported in the first and/or in the second connection half in such a way that it is free to move, and so arranged, when in distinct positions relative to the aforementioned connection halves, as to open flow channels between the unions when the halves are attached to one another, and to block the flow channels at least when the halves are separated from one another.
A problem which has long been familiar, in particular in the medical field, is how to produce simple and manageable flow channels which are also secure against external infection and which can be separated from one another and connected together This is particularly applicable to one half of a separable flow channel which for some reason cannot be replaced, for example when draining fluid from a wound from an area of the body which has been the subject of surgical operation, or when one half of the flow channel has been inserted partially beneath the skin by surgery with connections to veins or arteries, for instance.
This problem has been solved in many cases by the expedient of providing the flow channels with self-sealing membranes made of an elastic material capable of being penetrated by a cannula, for example. In certain cases flow channels fitted with membranes are inserted beneath the skin by surgery. In this way the skin has also functioned as a kind of membrane.
This previously disclosed technique exhibits clear limitations. In order to achieve a self-sealing effect both in the skin and in the membrane, which is important from the point of view of preventing infection, the external area of the cannula must be severely restricted. This also means that the flow area inside the cannula is restricted, which in turn causes numerous problems In the case of blood transfusions or blood purification (dialysis), for example, the internal blood pressure of the body is not able to force out sufficiently large quantities of blood per unit of time. The use of auxiliary equipment in the form of blood pumps then becomes necessary. Such a forced flow through narrow passageways and around sharp corners, such as are constituted by a cannula tube, and the mangling of the blood caused by a blood pump, cause the destruction of blood cells, resulting in changes in the chemical properties of the blood.
The object of the present invention is to make available a separable and reconnectable, disinfectable connection in which the aforementioned problem in respect of the restriction of the flow area and the associated pressure drop has been overcome so that the normal blood pressure of the body is sufficient in most cases for blood purification by dialysis, for example, without the need for external power sources. In the case of the above-mentioned use of drainage catheters from areas in the body which have been the subject of surgical operation which discharge into sterile vessels in order to facilitate the drainage procedure, these vessels, once they have been filled, can be disconnected from the drainage catheter and can be replaced in a manner which is safe from the point of view of infection. A connection in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the connection halves define a space enclosing the aforementioned device, which space, in a particular relative position of the aforementioned device, or with the connection halves in a relative position separate from the attached position, is so arranged as to communicate with or to constitute a part of the aforementioned flow channels, in which case these are blocked in at least one of the connection halves from the unions, which space, when the aforementioned device has another relative position, or with the connection halves in the attached position, also forms a closed chamber which is separated from the flow channels, and in that present in the wall of the first

REFERENCES:
patent: 4262671 (1981-04-01), Kersten
patent: 4506691 (1985-03-01), Tseo
patent: 4576199 (1986-03-01), Svensson et al.
patent: 4617012 (1986-10-01), Vaillancourt

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