Batteries: thermoelectric and photoelectric – Photoelectric – Cells
Patent
1998-04-16
1999-11-23
Chapman, Mark
Batteries: thermoelectric and photoelectric
Photoelectric
Cells
438 69, 438 85, H01L 2500
Patent
active
059904160
ABSTRACT:
The present invention is a method for reducing a dopant in a film of a metal oxide wherein the dopant is reduced and the first metal oxide is substantially not reduced. The method of the present invention relies upon exposing the film to reducing conditions for a predetermined time and reducing a valence of the metal from a positive valence to a zero valence and maintaining atoms with a zero valence in an atomic configuration within the lattice structure of the metal oxide. According to the present invention, exposure to reducing conditions may be achieved electrochemically or achieved in an elevated temperature gas phase.
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Exarhos Gregory J.
Windisch, Jr. Charles F.
Battelle (Memorial Institute)
Chapman Mark
Zimmerman Paul W.
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