Radiation imagery chemistry: process – composition – or product th – Electric or magnetic imagery – e.g. – xerography,... – Post imaging process – finishing – or perfecting composition...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-06-20
2002-07-23
Goodrow, John (Department: 1756)
Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product th
Electric or magnetic imagery, e.g., xerography,...
Post imaging process, finishing, or perfecting composition...
C430S111350, C430S137130
Reexamination Certificate
active
06423460
ABSTRACT:
Illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,945,244, U.S. Pat. No. 6,042,981, U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,812, U.S. Pat. No. 5,935,750, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,712, the disclosures of each being totally incorporated herein by reference, are carrier particles comprised, for example, of a core with a coating thereover of polystyrene/olefin/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, polystyrene/methacrylate/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, and polystyrene/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate. More specifically, there is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 5,945,244 a carrier comprised of a core, and thereover a polymer of styrene, an olefin and a dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate; in U.S. Pat. No. 6,042,981 a carrier composition comprised of a core and thereover a polymer of polystyrene/alkyl methacrylate/dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, polystyrene/alkyl methacrylate/alkyl hydrogen aminoethyl methacrylate, polystyrene/alkyl acrylate/dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, or polystyrene/alkyl acrylate/alkyl hydrogen aminoethyl methacrylate; in U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,812 a carrier comprised of a core and a polymer coating of styrene/monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate or styrene/dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate; in U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,712 a carrier comprised of a core and thereover a polymer of methylmethacrylate and a monoalkyl aminoalkyl methacrylate, or a polymer of methylmethacrylate and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,935,750 a carrier comprised of a core and a polymer coating containing a quaternary ammonium salt functionality.
In copending application U.S. Ser. No. 784,633, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, there is disclosed a polymerization process for the preparation of toner polymers and wherein there is selected for the process a transition metal catalyst, such as ferrocene, ferrocenium salts, and more specifically 1,1-dicyano-2-ferrocenylethene.
Illustrated in U.S. Pat. Ser. No. 6,358,659, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, is a carrier comprised of a core and thereover a polymer or mixture of polymers, and wherein the polymer contains a conductive inorganic polymer dispersed therein.
Illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 6,358,659, the disclosure of which is totally incorporated herein by reference, is a carrier comprised of a core and thereover a polymer or mixture of polymers, and wherein the polymer contains a conductive inorganic polymer dispersed therein.
The appropriate components and processes of the above recited copending applications may be selected for the present invention in embodiments thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is generally directed to developer compositions, and more specifically, the present invention relates to developer compositions with conductive coated carrier components, or coated carrier particles that can be prepared by, for example, dry powder processes. More specifically, the present invention relates to compositions, especially carrier compositions comprised of a core, and thereover a blend or mixture of polymers comprised of an organic, like an organometallic containing polymer, or polymers, an inorganic polymer or inorganic polymers and further polymers, that is, for example, a plurality of polymers, such as 1 to about 10, and more specifically, from about 1 to about 3. Also, in embodiments the present invention relates to compositions, especially carrier compositions comprised of a core, and thereover a polymer, or polymers and dispersed therein a conductive component. Accordingly in aspects of the present invention there are provided carriers comprised of a core, a polymer coating, such as polymethylmethacrylate, and as a conductive additive dispersed therein an inorganic metallic polymer, an organic metallic polymer, or mixtures thereof. The inorganic and organic metallic polymers may contain conductive pendant groups thereon and thus the use of a separate conductive component, such as carbon black, can be avoided in embodiments of the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, the carrier particles are comprised of a core with a coating blend thereover, such as an organometallic ferrocene containing polymer such as a poly(ferrocenyl silane), a poly(ferrocenyl phosphane), or more specifically, poly(ferrocenyl dialkyl silane), such as dimethylsilane or poly(ferrocenyl aryl, such as ferrocenyl phenylphosphane), and an inorganic polymer of, for example, a polysiloxane containing conductive pendant groups, a polyphosphazene of poly(bis(methoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene of (1), poly(phenyl(methoxy ethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (2); poly(methyl(methoxy ethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (3); poly(methoxy (methoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (4); poly(phenoxy(methoxyethoxy ethoxy)phosphazene (5); poly(methylamino (methoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (6); poly(phenylamino (methoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (7); poly(bis(methoxyethoxy) phosphazene (8); poly(bis(methoxypropoxy) phosphazene (9); poly(bis-&bgr;-pentafluroethylpropoxy)phosphazene (10); poly(bisphenoxy)phosphazene (11); poly(bis-&bgr;-trifluoromethylethoxy) phosphazene (1 2); poly(bis-4-phenylphenoxy) phosphazene (13); poly(bis[1,1]biphenyl-4-methoxy-4′-ethoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (14); or poly(bismethoxy) phosphazene (15); a carrier wherein the conductive polymer is a polyphosphazene of poly[bis-4-isopropylphenoxy)phosphazene] (16); poly(2-methoxyethoxy ethoxycarbo-4,4-methoxyethoxyethoxy-6,6-methoxyethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (17); poly(2-methoxyethoxyethoxy-thio-4,4-methoxy ethoxyethoxy-6,6-methoxy ethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (18); poly(2-methoxyethoxyethoxy-4,4-methoxyethoxyethoxy-6,6-methoxy ethoxyethoxy) phosphazene (19); or (poly(methoxyethoxyethoxy) oxothiazene (20); poly[(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)-ethoxy)propyl alkyl siloxane] (21); poly[methyl(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy)-ethoxy)propyl alkyl siloxane] (22); poly[ethyl(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)-ethoxy)propyl alkyl siloxane] (23); poly[propyl(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)-ethoxy)propyl alkyl siloxane] (24); poly[phenyl(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)-ethoxy)propyl alkyl siloxane] (25); or poly[methyl(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)-ethoxy)-ethoxy)-ethoxy)-ethoxy)-ethoxy)-ethoxy) propyl alkyl siloxane] (26); a carrier wherein the inorganic conductive polymer possesses an M
w
weight average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 1,000,000, and of an M
n
number average molecular weight of from about 12,000 to about 1,000,000; a carrier wherein the inorganic polymer coating weight thereof is from about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent, or wherein the organic and/or organometallic polymer coating weight is from about 1 to about 3 weight percent; a carrier wherein the organic and/or organometallic polymer possesses a glass transition temperature Tg of from about 120° C. to about 200° C., or wherein the organic and/or organometallic polymer Tg is from about 60° C. to about 80° C.; and the like. Also, in embodiments there are provided carriers wherein the polymers selected can be conductive and thus there is avoided the need to add to the polymer a conductive component such as carbon black. The carrier may in embodiments of the present invention include a polymer coating blend of an organic and an inorganic polymer thereover in admixture with other suitable polymers, and more specifically, with a further polymer, such as a fluoropolymer, polymethylmethacrylate, poly(urethane), especially a crosslinked polyurethane, such as a poly(urethane)polyester and the like, and moreover, the copolymer coating may contain a conductive component, such as carbon black, and which conductive component may be dispersed in the polymer coating. With the conductive component, there can be enabled carriers with increased developer triboelectric response at relative humidities of from about 20 to about 90 percent, improved image quality performance, excellent high conductivity ranges of from about 10
−10
to about 10
−7
(ohm-cm)
−1
, and the like.
Advantages associated with the carriers of the prese
Drappel Stephan V.
Foucher Daniel A.
Veregin Richard P. N.
Goodrow John
Palazzo E. O.
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