Coating processes – Foraminous product produced – Microporous coating
Reexamination Certificate
2007-01-09
2007-01-09
Drodge, Joseph (Department: 1723)
Coating processes
Foraminous product produced
Microporous coating
C096S004000, C210S500270, C210S500370, C210S506000
Reexamination Certificate
active
10771752
ABSTRACT:
Measurement in the frequency range 3 mHz–106 Hz of the dielectric characteristics of emeraldine base polyaniline dissolved in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and cast into bulk free-standing polymer films shows features similar to those reported by others and which are a result of microphase separation into reduced and oxidized repeat units. However, upon confinement into the cylindrical pores, of average diameter 20 nm, of a porous membrane such features of microphase separation do not occur. The microphase separation observed in the bulk polymer is suppressed by strong pinning of the charge carriers due to interactions of the polymer with pore walls together with constrained chain packing and a non-uniform rate of evaporation of the NMP solvent from the pores. This enhances the bulk conductivity after doping by reducing the internal intra-chain disorder introduced by microphase separation.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5096586 (1992-03-01), Kaner et al.
patent: 5120807 (1992-06-01), Wei et al.
patent: 5174883 (1992-12-01), Martin et al.
patent: 6753041 (2004-06-01), Pron et al.
Manuel R Bengoechea et al, “Effects of confinement on the phase separation in emeraldine base polyaniline cast from 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone studied via dielectric spectroscopy”, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 14 (Oct. 19, 2002), pp. 1-10.
Yong Cao et al, Effects of Solvents and Co-solvents on the Processibility of Polyaniline: I. Solubilty and Conductivity studies, Synthetic Metals 69, published 1995, pp. 187-190.
C. K. Chiang, C. R. Fincher, Jr., Y. W. Park, A. J. Heeger, H. Shirakawa, E. J. Lous, S. C. Gau, and Alan G. MacDiarmid;Electrical Conductivity in Doped Polyacetylene; Physical Review Letters; 1977; vol. 39, No. 17; pp. 1098-1101; USA.
Jin-Chih Chiang and Alan G. MacDiarmid;‘Polyaniline’: Protonic Acid Doping of the Emeraldine Form to the Metallic Regime; Synthetic Metals; 1986; pp. 193-204; USA.
H. H. S. Javadi, F. Zuo, K. R. Cromack, M. Angelopoulos, A. G. Macdiarmid, and A. J. Epstein;Charge Transport in the “Emeraldine” Form of Polyaniline; Synthetic Metals; 1989; pp. E409-E416; USA.
F. Zuo, M. Angelopoulos, A. G. Macdiarmid, A. J. Epstein;ac conductivity of emeraldine polymer; Physical Review B; 1989; vol. 39, No. 6; pp. 3570-3578; USA.
Yong Cao, Paul Smith, and Alan J. Heeger;Counter-ion induced processibility of conducting polyaniline and of conducting polyblends of polyaniline in bulk polymers; Synthetic Metals; 1992; pp. 91-97; USA.
Y. Z. Wang, J. Joo, C. H. Hsu, J. P. Pouget, A. J. Epstein;Charge Transport of Hydrochloric Acid Doped Plyaniline and Poly(o-toluidene) Fibers: Role of Processing; Macromolecules; 1994; 27; pp. 5871-5876; USA.
Chuen-Guey Wu, Thomas Bein;Conducting Carbon Wires in Ordered, Nanometer-Sized Channels; Science; vol. 266, No. 5187; 1994; pp. 1013-1015; USA.
Hsun-Tsing Lee, Kuen-Ru Chuang, Show-An Chen, Pei-Kuen Wei, Jui-Hung Hsu, and Wunshain Fann;Conductivity Relaxation of 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone-Plasticized Polyaniline Film; American Chemical Society; 1995; 28; pp. 7645-7652; China.
R. S. Kohlman, A. Zibold, D. B. Tanner, G. G. Ihas, T. Ishiguro, Y. G. Min, A. G. Macdiarmid, and A. J. Epstein;Limits for Metallic Conductivity in Conducting Polymers; Physical Review Letters/The American Physical Society; 1997; vol. 78, No. 20; pp. 3915-3918; USA.
Alan G. Macdiarmid, Yao Zhou, and Jing Feng;Oligomers and isomers: new horizons in poly-anilines; Synthetic Metals; 1999; pp. 131-140; USA.
Aldo J. G. Zarbin, Marco-A. De Paoli, Oswaldo L. Alves;Nanocomposites glass/conductive polymers; Synthetic Metals; 1999; pp. 227-235; USA.
Nicholas J. Pinto; Angel A. Acosta; Ghanshyam P. Sinha, and Fouad M. Aliev;Dielectric permittivity study on weakly doped conducting polymers based on polyaniline and its derivatives; Synthetic Metals; 2000; pp. 77-81; USA.
A. N. Papathanassiou;The power law dependence of the a.c. conductivity on frequency in amorphous solids; Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics; 2002; pp. L88-L89.
J. Y. Shimano, and A. G. Macdiarmid;Phase segregation in polyaniline: a dynamic block copolymer; Synthetic Metals; 2001; pp. 365-366; USA.
James Y. Shimano and Alan G. Macdiarmid;Polyaniline a dynamic block copolymer: key to attaining its intrinsic conductivity; Synthetic Metals; 2001; pp. 251-262; USA.
A. N. Papathanassiou, J. Grammatikakis, S. Sakkopoulos, E. Vitoratos, E. Dalas;Localized and long-distance charge hopping in fresh and thermally aged conductive copolymers of polypyrrole and polyaniline studied by combined TSDC and dc conductivity; Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids; 2002; pp. 1771-1778; Greece.
A. P. Monkman and P. Adams;Optical and electronic properties of stretch-oriented solution-cast polyaniline films; Synthetic Metals; 1991; pp. 87-96; United Kingdom.
A. K. Jonscher;Dielectric relaxation in solids; Chelsea Dielectrics Press Ltd.; 1983; pp. 96-99; London.
R. Diaz Calleja, E. S. Matveeva, V. P. Parkhutik;Electric relaxation in chemically synthesized polyaniline: study using electric modulus formalism; Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids; 1995; pp. 260-265; USA.
R. Richert and A. Blumen;Disorder Effects on Relaxational Processes; Springer-Verlag; pp. 309-311; USA.
S. Havriliak and S. Negami;A Complex Plane Analysis of α-Dispersions in Some Polymer Systems; Journal of Polymer Science; 1966; pp. 99-117; USA.
B. K. P. Scaife;Principles of Dielectrics; Clarendon Press; 1989; pp. 104-107; UK.
Betzaida Batalla, Ghanshyam Sinha and Fouad Aliev;Dynamics of Molecular Motion of Nematic Liquid Crystal Confined in Cylindrical Pores; Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst.; 1999; pp. 121-128; USA.
Aliev Fouad M.
Pinto Nicholas J.
Drodge Joseph
Hoglund Heath W.
Hoglund & Pamias, PS
University of Puerto Rico
LandOfFree
Conducting polymer does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Conducting polymer, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Conducting polymer will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3760706