Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Live hair or scalp treating compositions – Cationic surfactant containing
Reexamination Certificate
2000-03-21
2002-06-18
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Live hair or scalp treating compositions
Cationic surfactant containing
C424S070100, C424S070110, C424S070120, C424S070190, C424S070210, C424S070220, C424S070310, C424S070240
Reexamination Certificate
active
06406686
ABSTRACT:
The present invention is directed to a stable hair care composition and, in particular, to a stable conditioning shampoo comprising a conditioning agent, a primary surfactant, and arabinogalactan, wherein the arabinogalactan suspends the conditioning agent.
A major problem associated with formulating a shampoo containing silicone as a conditioning agent and a primary surfactant is that the silicone tends to separate out from the rest of the composition, resulting in two separate phases of the shampoo. This is functionally and aesthetically undesireable. For this reason, it has been proposed to use a suspending agent to prevent this phase separation. Usually, a shampoo must be fairly thick and have a fairly high viscosity for a suspending agent to be effective in preventing phase separations.
Surprisingly, it has been found that arabinogalactan suspends silicone in a shampoo even where that shampoo has a low viscosity.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Surprisingly, it has been found that a conditioning shampoo comprising a conditioning agent, a primary surfactant, and arabinogalactan provide a stable conditioning shampoo. Arabinogalactan is a sugar that acts as a suspending agent to suspend the conditioning agent in the shampoo. Arabinogalactan provides a stable suspension of silicone in a shampoo even where that shampoo has a low viscosity.
Because of the consistency and low viscosity of arabinogalactan, researchers can determine whether arabinogalactan effectively stabilizes an unthickened silicone-containing composition faster than they can determine the effectiveness of other suspending agents. It is possible to tell within days whether arabinogalactan will stabilize a silicone-containing composition, especially if that composition does not contain thickeners.
In one aspect, the present invention is a conditioning shampoo comprising a conditioning agent, a primary surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof, and arabinogalactan, wherein the arabinogalactan suspends the conditioning agent in the shampoo.
In another aspect, the present invention is a shampoo comprising 0.1% to about 20% by weight conditioning agent, from about 1% to about 80% by weight primary surfactant, and from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight arabinogalactan. It is noted that, unless otherwise stated, all percentages given in this specification and the appended claims refer to percentages by weight of the total shampoo.
The above and other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In one embodiment of the present invention, the conditioning shampoo includes at least one conditioning agent, at least one primary surfactant, and arabinogalactan as a suspending agent, suspending the conditioning agent in the shampoo.
THE CONDITIONING AGENT
The conditioning agent is preferably a non-volatile silicone compound, a volatile silicone compound, or a mixture thereof.
The non-volatile silicones useful in the conditioning shampoo are polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane polymers, and silicone gums.
The non-volatile polyalkyl siloxanes that may be used in the shampoo include polydimethyl siloxanes with viscosities ranging from about 5 to 600,000 centistokes at 25° C. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as the Viscasil series and from Dow Corning as the Dow Corning 200 series. The viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, Jul. 20, 1970. Preferably, the viscosity ranges from about 350 centistokes to about 100,000 centistokes.
The non-volatile polyalkylaryl siloxanes that may be used in the shampoo include polymethylphenylsiloxanes having viscosities of about 15 to 65 centistokes at 25° C. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid. Additionally, poly(dimethyl siloxane) (diphenyl siloxane) copolymers having a viscosity in the range of from about 10 to about 100,000 centistokes at 25° C. may be used.
Non-volatile polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used include a polypropylene oxide modified dimethylpolysiloxane (for example, Dow Corning DC-1248). Ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may also be used in the shampoo.
References disclosing suitable silicones include Silicone Compounds distributed by Petrarch Systems, Inc., 1984, which is herein incorporated by reference.
Another silicone material that may be useful in the conditioning shampoo is a silicone gum. Silicone gums are described by Petrarch and others, including U.S. Pat. No. 4,152,416 to Spitzer et al. and Noll, Walter,
Chemistry and Technology of Silicones
, New York, Academic Press, 1986. General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54, and SE 76 describe other silicone gums that may be useful. All of these references are incorporated herein by reference. “Silicone gum” materials denote high molecular weight polydiorganosiloxanes generally having a mass molecular weight of from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl siloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
The non-volatile silicone compound is added to the shampoo in an amount sufficient to provide improved combing and improved softness to the hair. The preferred non-volatile silicone is dimethicone.
The volatile silicones useful in the shampoo are linear or cyclic low molecular weight polydimethylsiloxanes. It is believed that these volatile silicones provide lubrication and hair conditioning properties to wet hair and have sufficient volatility to slowly volatilize from the hair so that a residual buildup of silicone compound is not present on the dry hair.
One example of a linear, low molecular weight volatile polydimethylsiloxane compound that can be used in the present composition is hexamethyldisiloxane, available commercially under the trade name Dow Corning 200 Fluid. It has a viscosity of 0.65 cs, is highly volatile, is non-greasy, provides lubrication, and improves the overall combing properties of the hair. Examples of cyclic volatile polydimethylsiloxanes include but are not limited to the cyclomethicones such as octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. Other preferred volatile silicones include Dow Corning's 244, 245, 344, 346, and 1411.
The conditioning shampoo preferably includes from about 0.1% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, and more preferably from about 1% to about 2% by weight of a conditioning agent.
THE PRIMARY SURFACTANT
The primary surfactant useful in the conditioning shampoo of the present invention are selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants are described in McCutcheon's Detergents, Emulsifiers and Surface Active Agents and Detergents (Vol. I and II) by Schwartz, Perry and Berch, and Handbook of Industrial Surfactants 2
nd
ed. (Vol. 1 and II) by Gower. All of these references are incorporated herein by reference.
An anionic surfactant of the present invention can be any of the anionic surfactants known or previously used in the art of shampoo compositions. Suitable anionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, compounds in the classes known as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl ether sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, beta alkyloxy alkene sulfonates, alkyl arylsulfonates, alkyl carbonates, alkyl ether carbonates, alkyl ether carboxylates, succinamates, sulfosuccinates, sarcosinates, taurates, fatty acid taurides, sulfated monoglycerides, fatty acid amino polyoxyethylene sulfates, and isothienates and combination thereof.
Anionic surfactants that are p
Amway Corporation
Brinks Hofer Gilson & Lione
Page Thurman K.
Sheikh Humera N.
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