Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Reexamination Certificate
1998-08-20
2001-01-30
Fries, Kery (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
C510S123000, C510S125000, C510S466000, C510S476000, C424S070110, C424S070120, C424S049000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06180576
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to shampoo compositions containing surfactant and conditioning ingredients. The present invention also relates to methods for treating hair.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Clean human hair quickly returns to its “dirty” condition due to contact with the environment and due to the buildup of the sebum-secreted by the head. Within a short time (one day to a few days) hair begins to look and feel “dirty”. In modern cultures, this look and feel is considered unacceptable requiring the wearer to shampoo their hair frequently. In some countries, the daily shampooing of hair is considered a normal requirement for proper hygiene, whether or not the hair has actually become “dirty”.
Shampooing cleans the hair by the removal of environmental contaminants along with the sebum. However, shampooing removes the natural oils and other moisturizing materials. If the hair is of significant length, the hair can be tangled and becomes unmanageable. Once dry, the hair has lost its shine and luster and can be dry and frizzy. Hair can also maintain a static charge when dry that results in “fly-away hair”.
As this problem has surfaced in the modern era, solutions have been developed to correct or to minimize the problem from frequent shampooing. The first acceptable solutions entailed the post-shampoo application of hair conditioners and hair rinses, generally while the hair is still wet immediately after shampooing. These conditioners and rinses were left on the hair for a period of time to allow sufficient treatment and then removed by rinsing with water. These solutions have, as late, been deemed inconvenient and time consuming. The solution to this problem has been the incorporation of conditioners into the shampoo itself, thus the advent of “conditioning shampoo”.
Shampoos that contain conditioners or conditioning agents have not been completely satisfactory for various reasons. Hair is composed of keratin, a sulfur-containing fibrous protein. The isoelectric point of keratin, and more specifically of hair, is generally in the pH range of 3.24.0. Therefore, at the pH of a typical shampoo (about 5.5-6.5), hair carries a net negative charge. Consequently, cationic polymers due to their positive charge have long been used as conditioners in shampoo formulations, or as a separate treatment, in order to improve the wet and dry combability of the hair. The substantivity of the cationic polymers for negatively charged hair along with film formation facilitates detangling during wet hair combing and a reduction in static flyaway during dry hair combing. Cationic polymers generally also impart softness and suppleness to hair.
When cationic polymers are added to shampoos containing good cleaning anionic surfactants, formation of highly surface active association complexes generally takes place, which imparts improved foam stability to the shampoo but provides poor conditioning. Maximum surface activity and foam stability, or lather, are achieved at near stoichiometric ratios of anionic surfactant: cationic polymer, where the complex is least water soluble. However, cationic conditioners exhibit some incompatibility at these ratios. Compatibility gives a commercially more desirable clear formulation, while incompatibility leads to a haze or precipitation, which is aesthetically less desirable in some formulations. Additionally when cationic surfactants are added as an ingredient in the shampoo, they do not provide optimal overall conditioning to the hair in the area of softness and tend to build up on the hair resulting in an unclean feel.
Nonionic silicones have also been disclosed in patents as a shampoo additive to increase the softness of hair. These patents include U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,826,551, 3,964,500, 4,364,837, and U.K. Patent No. 849,433. Shampoo compositions that contain insoluble silicone conditioners are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,741,855 and 4,788,066. Shampoo compositions containing anionic surfactants dispersed in soluble silicone (along with a cationic polymer with a cationic charge density of 3 meq/k or less and an oily liquid conditioning agent) are disclosed in WO93/08787 and in U.S. Pat. No. 5,573,709.
Other publications disclosing the use of silicone conditioning agents include Japanese Patent Application No. 5672095, Laid Open Jun. 16, 1981, published EPO Application 413 416 and 413 417, both published Feb. 20, 1991.
Oily components have been added to shampoo formulations to improve the luster and shine of hair as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Abstracts 53[1978]-35902, (54129135) and 62[1987]-327266 (168612).
In spite of these attempts to provide optimal combinations of cleaning ability and hair conditioning, it remains desirable to provide further improved hair conditioning shampoo compositions. For instance, it remains desirable to improve overall conditioning, and especially shine and luster, wet and dry combing, and dry hair feel, of hair treated with shampoo containing silicone and cationic material. For shampoos containing oily materials in combination with cationic materials, it remains desirable to improve overall conditioning:, especially wet combing and detangling, dry combing, and dry hair feel. However merely increasing the level of one or both conditioning ingredients can result in adverse effects such as greasy hair feel and loss of fullness. It is desirable to improve conditioning without suffering from these drawbacks.
It is desirable to provide shampoo compositions and methods for cleaning and conditioning hair which can provide excellent cleaning performance and improved levels of conditioning while minimizing any adverse side effects associated with build-up due to the use of excess conditioning agent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The hair conditioning shampoo composition of the present invention comprises:
(a) about 5% to about 50%, by weight, of a surfactant component selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants;
(b) about 0.05% to about 10%, by weight, of a dispersed, insoluble, nonvolatile, nonionic silicone hair conditioning agent;
(c) about 0.05% to about 10%, by weight, of a water soluble, organic, ampholytic polymer hair conditioning agent; and
(d) an aqueous carrier.
The method for treating hair according to the present invention comprises contacting the hair with the composition above.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides anionic and/or amphoteric detersive surfactant containing liquid shampoo compositions that can provide both excellent cleaning performance and hair conditioning benefits to a wide variety of hair types. This is attained by forming a hair conditioning system shampoo composition that includes the surfactant, an aqueous carrier, a dispersed insoluble, nonionic, silicone hair conditioning agent, a water soluble, organic ampholytic polymer hair conditioning agent, and optionally, an organic, water insoluble oily liquid.
It has now been unexpectedly found that improved overall conditioning can be found by combining surfactant in a shampoo with dispersed, insoluble, and nonionic silicone, a soluble organic ampholytic polymer hair conditioning agent. Conditioning is also improved with the addition of a preferred optional organic water insoluble liquid component.
These compositions can provide improved conditioning while reducing the level of undesirable side effects that can result from increasing the level of conditioning agent in prior known conditioning systems. As discussed previously, a conditioning agent system containing too much of a particular component can cause buildup. Too much silicone can result in silicone build up on the hair over repeated usage and a loss of fullness of the hair. Too much organic liquid (oil) results in an oily feel and a loss of fullness of the hair. Too much conditioning agent results in a slick, oily feel of the hair. Now it has been found that combining these specific types of ingredients—surfactant, insoluble nonionic silicones, ampholytic polymers, and the optional
Matz Gary F.
Melby Allan L.
LandOfFree
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