Coating processes – Particles – flakes – or granules coated or encapsulated – Fluidized bed utilized
Reexamination Certificate
1999-04-19
2001-03-27
Beck, Shrive (Department: 1762)
Coating processes
Particles, flakes, or granules coated or encapsulated
Fluidized bed utilized
C427S212000, C427S424000, C427S426000, C118S303000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06207228
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to uniformly dispersing an additive within particulated materials, and more particularly to incorporating additives into recycled materials while suspending the materials in a particulating zone and apparatuses for the processing thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is conventional to admix chemical additives with ground or particulated insoluble materials so as to disperse the additives throughout the particulated materials. Exemplary insoluble particulated materials to which it may be desirable to disperse or incorporate chemical additives include cellulosic materials such as wood and paper wastes. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,192,587 and 5,308,653 to Rondy disclose methods of coloring comminuted woods by introducing colorants into comminuted woods augured through a flighted auger. If it were possible to uniformly disperse certain chemical additives effectively while particulating the wastes into a recycled particulated waste material or otherwise an usable by-product materials at an attractive processing cost, then the value, utility, and profit margins for such recycled waste products or by-product materials would be significantly enhanced.
Illustrative chemical additives which, if uniformly incorporated within comminuted or particulated materials, would enhance the materials' value include retardants such as fire retardants, pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, colorants or coloring reagents (e.g. such as dyes, pigments, etc.), flow agents, bulking agents and other similar type additives. These additives may be provided in a form which permits the chemical additives to be uniformly dispersed within a suitable vehicle or carrier. Such vehicles or carriers may function as a solvent for the chemical additive, or as an inert dispersant, or a vehicle for an insoluble chemical additive, or alternatively in cooperative association with suitable emulsifying agents as an emulsified carrier for the additives. Water is a particularly suitable vehicle or carrier for most chemical additives.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is now feasible to uniformly disperse or incorporate chemical additives throughout a recycled mass of particulated materials such as cellulosic waste materials while concurrently converting the bulky wastes into recycled wastes of a desired particle size. In the impregnating method, a chemical or impregnating additive carried by a suitable vehicle or carrier is uniformly injected into the fragmenting zone and onto particulated waste material while the waste materials are suspended and being particulated to the desired size within the fragmenting zone. The turbulent fragmenting zone serves to uniformly and homogeneously distribute the chemical additive throughout the particulating or comminuting waste materials to provide a homogeneous mass of the recycled particulated waste impregnated with the impregnating chemical additive. The cooperative combination of uniformly injecting the additive into the turbulent particulating zone while impacting the processed product drives the chemical additive deeply into the porous intercies of the comminuted or particulated product.
The efficacy of the process in uniformly dispersing chemical additives throughout particulated cellulosic materials may be profoundly illustrated by the adaptation of the process to the coloring of paper or wood wastes with coloring agents. In contrast to conventional batch admixing techniques which frequently result in a non-uniform distribution of the coloring agent or blotched coloring such as by excessive colorant concentrations or the excessive use of a carrier (e.g. water), the present process yields intensely bright and uniformly colored particulated products with significantly less water and dye or colorant. The cooperative combination of fragmenting and impacting of the wastes in a turbulent fragmenting zone while suspending the wastes and uniformly injecting vehicle carried colorants into the turbulent fragmenting zone impregnates and uniformly embeds the colorant throughout the fragmented or comminuted particles. This deeply embeds the colorant within the porous intercies and upon the surfaces of the recycled waste particles. As a result, intensely bright and deeply colored impregnated products (e.g. wood chips, mulches, bedding, insulation, etc.) may be achieved through the use of this unique process. Because of the processing efficacy, significantly lower chemical additive concentrations may be effectively utilized to achieve significantly enhanced coloration or pigmentation of recycled products. Similarly, other chemical additives such as insecticides for termites, (e.g. for borates, boric acid, etc.) fire retardants (e.g. cellulosic insulation), binding agents, fillers, etc. may be uniformly dispensed at a reduced concentrations and unit costs without detracting from the product efficacy (e.g. insecticidal activity or fire retardency) of the processed product in many divergent forms (e.g. pressed wood fibers, insulation, etc.).
REFERENCES:
patent: 2707690 (1955-05-01), Pearson
patent: 3462083 (1969-08-01), Kautz
patent: 3481686 (1969-12-01), Ivnas et al.
patent: 3911183 (1975-10-01), Hinkes
patent: 4542041 (1985-09-01), McClellan et al.
patent: 4794022 (1988-12-01), Johnson et al.
patent: 5077128 (1991-12-01), Bernard et al.
patent: 5192587 (1993-03-01), Rondy
patent: 5308653 (1994-05-01), Rondy
patent: 5562956 (1996-10-01), White, Jr.
patent: 5564222 (1996-10-01), Brody
Forest Products Journal, vol. 44, No. 9 (Feb. 1994).
Term-A-Rid 613, http://www.termarid.com/whatisit.html (Apr. 21, 1998).
Hundt Vincent G.
Peltz Frederick G.
Beck Shrive
Strain Paul D.
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