Refrigeration – Refrigeration producer – With lubricant handling means
Patent
1991-09-30
1993-03-16
Capossela, Ronald C.
Refrigeration
Refrigeration producer
With lubricant handling means
62 84, F25B 4302
Patent
active
051933586
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a compression refrigerating system. Refrigeration systems supply lubricating oil to the compressor which a small amount of the oil is carried through the system by the circulating refrigerant. Since the lubricant is continuously supplied to the compressor, a considerable amount of oil may be deposited in the refrigerant, resulting in a reduced cooling capacity of the refrigerant. Therefore, to maintain a system which is economical to operate and to maintain, an effective separation of oil and undesired materials from the refrigerant is desirable.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,850,009 describes a compression refrigerating system having an oil separator which separates the oil from the gaseous refrigerant in two steps. This has proved to be less efficient than separating the oil from the liquid refrigerant.
U.S. Pat. No. 2,285,123 describes a refrigerating system in which the liquid refrigerant passes through heat exchangers which is complicated by thermostat valves controlling the temperature of the mixture of oil and refrigerant such that the oil is separated easily.
European Patent Specification No. 0016509 describes an apparatus for separation of oil from a refrigerant in the gaseous phase. The oil separator is mounted in the refrigerating system between the pressure side of the compressor and the condenser.
DK Printed Specification No. 148546B describes a freezing or refrigerating system with an oil separator, having the separator spaced under a evaporator and having a complicated construction such that the separator only services a part of the refrigerating system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerating system for purifying the refrigerant economically while the refrigerant is in the liquid state and during the normal operation of the system.
The refrigerating system simply achieves oil separation and can be fitted into the refrigerating system. The temperature drop occurring in the heat exchanger vessel of the oil separator and resulting from the evaporation of the refrigerant of the oil and refrigerant mixture during the oil separation, cools the liquid refrigerant which flows to the evaporators of the system through the primary heat exchanger.
An advantageous embodiment of the refrigerating plant according to the invention is that the separation occurs in several steps; the first step occurs in a primary vessel having liquid refrigerant conducted to the primary vessel by a supply pipe connected to an outlet of the condenser, and a discharge pipe connects the primary vessel to the refrigerant receiver; and an oil discharge pipe having an inserted shut-off valve is connected to the oil sump pipe; the last step of the oil separation occurs in the vessel of the heat exchanger. Hereby, an almost complete separation of the lubricating oil supplied to the compressor may be obtained.
A further embodiment of the present invention of the refrigerating plant is that the vessel of the heat exchanger of the oil separator is divided into two parts, each part being separated by a heat transmitting wall. The first part, which includes the primary heat exchanger, functions as the oil separator while the other part, which functions as an air and non-condensable gas separator, includes a secondary heat exchanger; one side of the other part is connected to the primary heat exchanger such that the liquid refrigerant exiting from the primary heat exchanger passes through the secondary heat exchanger before the liquid refrigerant enters the evaporators of the system. The other side of the other part is connected to the oil sump of the refrigerant receiver, and the one side is connected to the first part of the vessel of the heat exchanger such that the liquid mixture of oil and refrigerant passes from the oil sump through the secondary heat exchanger to the first part of the heat exchanger vessel. The second part of the heat exchanger vessel has a supply pipe and a return pipe to the refrigerant receiver as well as an air disc
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