Compounds that enhance the concentration of glutathione in tissu

Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Ester doai

Patent

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

558254, 435110, A61K 3121

Patent

active

056249551

ABSTRACT:
A pharmaceutical unit dosage form comprising an amount of a compound of the formula: ##STR1## is provided wherein R.sup.1 is a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.20)alkyl group, a (C.sub.6 -C.sub.12)aryl group, or a C.sub.3 -C.sub.18)cycloalkyl group and R.sup.2 is H or a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.19)alkyl group, a (C.sub.6 -C.sub.12)aryl group, a (C.sub.7 -C.sub.13)arylalkoxy group, a (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6)alkyoxy group, a (C.sub.3 -C.sub.18)cycloalkyl group, a ##STR2## group, or a --CH(R.sup.3)NH.sub.2 group wherein R.sup.3 is a side chain of a natural amino acid, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein said amount is effective to increase the concentration of glutathione in tissue.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4868114 (1989-09-01), Nagasawa et al.
O. Abe et al., "Synthesis of Mixed Disulfides with Cyanogen Bromide and Its Consequences for Elucidation of Protein Structure", J. Org. Chem., 39, 253-255 (1974).
Anderson et al., "Glutathione Monoesters," Anal. Biochem., 183, 16-20 (1989).
Brick et al., "The Preparation of S-acetylglutathione," Chemistry and Industry, 1513-1514 (Dec. 4, 1954).
Chen et al., "Life Span Profiles of Glutathione and Acetaminophen Detoxification," Drug Metab. Dispos., 18, 882-887 (1990).
Chen et al., "Glutathione Ester Corrects the Kidney Glutathione and Cysteine Deficiencies in the Aging Mouse," The Toxicologist, 10, Abstract No. 1280, p. 320 (1990).
Datta et al., "Mescaline-Induced Changes of Brain-Cortex Ribosomes," Biochem. J., 117, 961-968 (1970).
Deneke et al., "Regulation of cellular glutathione," Am. J. Physiol., 257, L163-L173 (1989).
Elberling et al., "N-Phthaloyl-L-Glutamic Anhydride (2-Phthalimidoglutaric Anhydride)," Org. Prep. Proced. Int., 11, 67-70 (1978).
Fariss et al., "High-Performance Liquid Chomatography of Thiols and Disulfides: Dinitrophenol Derivatives," Methods in Enzymology, 143, 101-109 (1987).
Gander et al., "Bovine Lens .gamma.-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase; Inhibition by Glutathione and Adenine Nucleotides," Eur. J. Biochem., 133, 635-640 (1983).
Hattori et al., "Effect of .gamma.-glutamyl-cysteinyl ethyl ester on lens glutathione level and diabetic cataract formation in rats," Chem. Abs., 112, Abstract No. 112:172260g, p. 76 (1990).
Hazelton et al., "Glutathione Contents of Tissues in the Aging Mouse," Biochem J., 188, 25-30 (1980).
Holleschau et al., "Procedures for Augmenting Glutathione in Cultured Rabbit Lenses," Lens Res., 3, 107-118 (1986).
H. Ishii et al., "Mechanism of Growth Stimulation of L1210 Cells by 2-Mercaptoethanol in Vitro", J. Biol. Chem., 256, 12387-12392 (Dec. 10, 1981).
Jocelyn, "Oxidation of Thiols" in Biochemistry of the SH Group; Academic Press: London; Chapter 4, pp. 95-115 (1972).
Kahns et al., "Prodrugs as drug delivery systems. 107. Synthesis and chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics of various mono-and diester prodrugs of N-acetylcysteine," Int. J. Pharm., 62, 193-205 (1990).
Katayama et al., "Protective agents against lens protein aggregation induced by UV oxidation," Chem. Abs., 108, Abstract No. 108:218260e, p. 259 (1988).
Kielly et al., "Glutathione Thioesterase," J. Biol. Chem., 206, 327-333 (Jan. 1954).
Kinsey et al., "Studies on the Crystalline Lens," Arch. Ophthalmology, 44, 370-380 (1950).
Kitahara et al., "Preparation of gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine ethyl ester for increasing tissue glutathione levels", Chem. Abs., 109, Abstract No. 109:110912a, p. 676 (1988).
Lam, "Glutathione Generators in Cancer Chemoprevention", Abstract of Grant No. 21985 sponsored by National Institutes of Health, obtained from Dialog database Federal Research in Progress.
Levy et al., "Transport of glutathione diethyl ester into human cells," Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, 9171-9175 (Oct. 1993).
Magnan et al., "Drug Latentiation by .gamma.-Glutamyl Transpeptidase," J. Med. Chem., 1018-1021 (Sep. 1982).
Murray et al., "Conditions for maximizing and inhibiting synthesis of glutathione in cultured rat lenses: an application of HPLC with radioisotope detection," Current Eye Research, 9, 55-63 (1990).
Nagasawa et al., "2-Substituted Thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic Acids as Prodrugs of L-Cysteine, Protection of Mice against Acetaminophen Hepatoxicity," J. Med. Chem., 27, 591-596 (1984).
Nagasawa et al., "Differentiation of .alpha.-from .gamma.-Glutamyl Dipeptides by Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry," Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, 9, 252-256 (1982).
Nagasawa, "Medicinal Chemistry Aspects of Alcoholism", Abstract of Grant No. 40467 sponsored by the Department of Veterans Affairs, obtained from Dialog database Federal Research in Progress.
Ohtsu et al., "Anticataractogenic Property of .gamma.-Glutamylcysteine Ethyl Ester in an Animal Model of Cataract," Ophthalmic Res., 23, 51-58 (1991).
O'Neil, "Reverse Phase Flash Chromatography: A Convenient Method for the Large Scale Separation of Polar Compounds," SYNLETT, 661-662 (Sep. 1991).
Pau et al., "Glutathione Levels in Human Lens: Regional Distribution in Different Forms of Cataract," Exp. Eye Res., 50, 17-20 (1990).
Racker, "The Mechanism of Action of Glyoxalase," J. Biol. Chem., 190, 685-696 (Jun. 1951).
Rathbun, "Activity of glutathione synthesis enzymes in the rhesus monkey lens related to age: a model for the human lens," Current Eye Research, 5, 161-166 (1986).
Rathbun et al., "Activity Loss of Glutathione Synthesis Enzymes Associated with Human Subcapsular Cataract," Invest. Ophthal. Vis. Sci., 34, 2049-2054 (May 1993).
Rathbun et al., "Age-related Cysteine Uptake as Rate-limiting in Glutathione Synthesis and Glutathione Half-life in the Cultured Human Lens," Exp. Eye Res., 53, 205-212 (1991).
Rathbun et al., ".beta.-Aminoisobutyrate in the Coupled Enzymic Assay of Bovine Lens .gamma.-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase," Anal. Biochem., 54, 153-160 (1973).
Rathbun, "Biochemistry of the Lens and Cataractogenesis: Current Concepts," Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 10, 377-398 (May 1980).
Rathbun et al., "The effects of age on glutathione synthesis enzymes in lenses of Old World simians and prosimians," Current Eye Research, 11, 601-607 (1992).
Rathbun et al., "Estimation of Enzymatically Produced Orthophosphate in the Presence of Cysteine and Adenosine Triphosphate," Anal. Biochem., 28, 436-445 (1969).
Rathbun, ".gamma.-Glutamyl-Cysteine Synthetase from Bovine Lens; I. Purification and Properties," Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 122, 62-72 (Oct. 1967).
Rathbun, ".gamma.-Glutamyl-Cysteine Synthetase from Bovine Lens; II. Cysteine Analogue Studies," Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 122, 73-83 (Oct. 1967).
Rathbun, "Glutathione in Ocular Tissues," Offprint from Glutathione: Chemical, Biochemical, and Medical Aspects, Part B; D. Dolphin et al., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons; pp. 467-510 (1989).
Rathbun, "Glutathione Synthesis in Evolution: An Achilles'Heel of Human and Other Old World Simian Lenses," Ophthalmic Res., 18, 236-242 (1986).
Rathbun, "Lenticular glutathione synthesis: rate-limiting factors in its regulation and decline," Current Eye Research, 3, 101-108 (1984).
Rathbun et al., "Purification and Properties of Glutathione Synthetase from Bovine Lens," Exp. Eye Res., 24, 145-158 (1977).
Rathbun,"Glutathione Metabolism in Ocular Tissues", Abstract of Grant No. 5R01EY01197-21 sponsored by the National Eye Institute, obtained from Dialog database Federal Research in Progress.
Reddy et al., "Evidence for lens oxoprolinase, an enzyme of the gamma-glutamyl cycle", Invest. Opthal., 14, 228-232 (1975).
Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (17th Ed.); A.R. Gennaro, Ed.; Mach Publishing: Easton, PA (1985)--Title page, copyright page and Table of Contents.
Roberts et al., "Mechanisms of Chemoprotection by RibCys, a Thiazolidine Prodrug of L-Cysteine," Med. Chem. Res., 1, 213-219 (1991).
Roberts et al., "Prodrugs of L-Cysteine as Protective Agents against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatoxicity. 2-(Polyhydroxyalkyl)-and 2-(Polyacetoxyalkyl)thiazolidine-4(R)-carboxylic Acids," J. Med. Chem., 30, 1891-1896 (1987).
Sethna et al., "Glutathione synthetase of bovine lens: anomalies of the enzyme-catalzyed formation of ophthalmic acid," Curren

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Compounds that enhance the concentration of glutathione in tissu does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Compounds that enhance the concentration of glutathione in tissu, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Compounds that enhance the concentration of glutathione in tissu will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-706151

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.