Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From phenol – phenol ether – or inorganic phenolate
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-15
2001-10-23
Boykin, Terressa M. (Department: 1711)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From phenol, phenol ether, or inorganic phenolate
C528S198000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06307003
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a compostable adhesive, to a method of producing the same, and to the use of the adhesive for the adhesive bonding of materials.
Adhesives as such have long been known (see Römpp Chenielexikon, 9 th Edition, Thieme Verlag 1990: “Adhesives” heading). It is precisely the use of synthetic polymers which has significantly extended the development of adhesives. However, one disadvantage of adhesive polymers which have been used hitherto, particularly after the adhesive bonding operation, is the lack of biodegradability of the adhesive bond. The amounts of adhesives on substrates to be adhesively bonded are in fact mostly small, but the requirement of complete biodegradability also makes it necessary for adhesives to be completely biodegraded. Glues or pastes based on natural substances, e.g. starch pastes, are in fact degradable provided that they do not contain any adjuvant substances which are not completely degradable, but are only of very limited suitability for industrial adhesive bonding operations, due to their poor bonding to many substrates.
The object of the present invention was therefore to develop a completely biodegradable adhesive bonding system which is both capable of being used industrially and which satisfies the requirement of completely biodegradability.
This object has been achieved by dissolving completely degradable polymers in suitable solvents and using this solution for the adhesive bonding of parts. This adhesive bonding system bonds due to the volatilisation of the solvent and the precipitation or crystallisation of the polymers in the substrate to be adhesively bonded.
Aliphatic or partially aromatic polyesters, thermoplastic aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester urethanes, aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyester carbonates and aliphatic polyester amides are used as biodegradable polymers.
The following polymers are suitable:
Aliphatic or partially aromatic polyesters formed from
A) aliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably linear C
2
-C
10
dialcohols such as ethanediol, butanediol or hexanediol, most preferably butanediol, and/or optionally cycloaliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably those comprising C
5
-C
6
C-atoms in their cycloaliphatic ring such as cyclohexanedimethanol for example, and/or, in part or completely instead of diols, monomeric or oligomeric polyols based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran or copolymers thereof with molecular weights up to 4000, daltons preferably up to 1000, daltons and/or optionally small amounts of branched bifunctional alcohols, preferably C
3
-C
12
alkyldiols such as neopentyl glycol for example, and optionally small amounts of alcohols of higher functionality in addition, preferably C3-C
12
alkylpolyols such as 1,2,3-propanetriol or trimethylolpropane for example, and from aliphatic bifunctional acids, preferably C
2
-C
12
alkyldicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid or adipic acid for example, which are preferred, and/or optionally from aromatic bifunctional acids such as terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid for example, and optionally from small amounts of acids of higher functionality in addition, such as trimellitic acid for example, or
B) from acid- and alcohol-functionalised components, preferably those comprising 2 to 12 C-atoms in their alkyl chain, for example hydroxybutyric acid or hydroxyvaleric acid or lactic acid, or derivatives thereof, for example &egr;-caprolactone or a dilactide,
or from a mixture and/or a copolymer of A and B,
wherein the aromatic acids make up a proportion of not more than 50% by weight with respect to all the acids.
All the acids may also be used in the form of derivatives such as acid chlorides or esters, either as monomeric or as oligomeric esters, for example;
Aliphatic or partially aromatic polyester urethanes formed from
C) aliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably linear C
2
-C
10
dialcohols such as ethanediol, butanediol or hexanediol, most preferably butanediol, and/or optionally cycloaliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably those comprising a C
5
-C
6
cycloaliphatic ring such as cyclohexanedimethanol for example, and/or, in part or completely instead of diols, monomeric or oligomeric polyols based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran or copolymers thereof with molecular weights up to 4000, daltons preferably up to 1000, daltons and/or optionally small amounts of branched bifunctional alcohols, preferably C
3
-C
12
alkyldiols such as neopentyl glycol for example, and optionally small amounts of alcohols of higher functionality in addition, preferably C
3
-C
12
alkylpolyols such as 1,2,3-propanetriol or trimethylolpropane for example, and from aliphatic bifunctional acids, preferably C
2
-C
12
alkyldicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid or adipic acid for example, which are preferred, and/or optionally from aromatic bifunctional acids such as terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid or naphthalene-dicarboxylic acid for example, and optionally from small amounts of acids of higher functionality in addition, such as trimellitic acid for example, or
D) from acid- and alcohol-functionalised components, preferably those comprising 2 to 12 C-atoms in their alkyl chain, for example hydroxybutyric acid or hydroxyvaleric acid or lactic acid, or derivatives thereof, for example &egr;-caprolactone or a dilactide,
or from a mixture and/or a copolymer of C and D,
wherein the aromatic acids make up a proportion of not more than 50% by weight with respect to all the acids.
All the acids may also be used in the form of derivatives such as acid chlorides or esters, either as monomeric or as oligomeric esters, for example;
E) comprising the reaction product of C and/or D with aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic bifunctional isocyanates and optionally with isocyanates of higher functionality in addition, preferably those comprising 1 to 12 C-atoms or 5 to 8 C-atoms in the case of cycloaliphatic isocyanates, e.g. tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate, optionally in addition with linear and/or branched and/or cycloaliphatic bifunctional alcohols and/or alcohols of higher functionality, preferably C
3
-C
12
alkyldiols or polyols or those comprising 5 to 8 C-atoms in the case of cycloaliphatic alcohols, e.g. ethanediol, hexanediol, butanediol or cyclohexane-dimethanol, and/or optionally in addition with linear and/or branched and/or cycloaliphatic bifunctional amines and/or amino alcohols and/or amines and/or amino alcohols of higher functionality, preferably those comprising 2 to 12 C-atoms in their alkyl chain, e.g. ethylenediamine or aminoethanol, and/or optionally with other modified amines or alcohols, such as ethylenediaminoethane sulphonic acid, as the free acid or as a salt, for example,
wherein the proportion of esters C) and/or D) is at least 75% by weight with respect to the sum of C), D) and E), and wherein for a polymer synthesis which is typical of that employed for polyurethane, which optionally comprises soft segments C) and D) as well as hard segments E), a completely random distribution of the raw materials within the polymer is not to be expected.
Aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic polyester carbonates comprising
F) those formed from aliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably linear C
2
-C
10
dialcohols such as ethanediol, butanediol or hexanediol for example, most preferably butanediol, and/or optionally cycloaliphatic bifunctional alcohols, preferably those comprising 5 to 8 C-atoms in their cycloaliphatic ring, such as cyclohexanedimethanol for example, and/or, in part or completely instead of diols, monomeric or oligomeric polyols based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran or copolymers thereof with molecular weights up to 4000, daltons preferably up to 1000, daltons and/or optionally small amounts of branched bifunctional alcohols, preferably C
3
-C
12
alkyldiols such as neopentyl glycol for example, and optionally small amounts of alcohols of higher functionality in addition, pre
Grigat Ernst
Idel Karsten-Josef
Lorcks Jurgen
Pommeranz Winfried
Schmidt Harald
Bayer AG
Boykin Terressa M.
Connolly Bove & Lodge & Hutz LLP
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