Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or... – Involving antigen-antibody binding – specific binding protein...
Patent
1981-11-02
1987-04-14
Nucker, Christine M.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Measuring or testing process involving enzymes or...
Involving antigen-antibody binding, specific binding protein...
436503, 436519, 536 11, 536123, 514 2, 514 12, 514 54, 530403, G01N 3353
Patent
active
046578498
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to compositions and methods which are useful for the identification and/or diagnosis of uropathogenic bacteria, and the inhibition of adherence of uropathogenic bacteria (the type of bacteria responsible for urinary tract infection) to cells having a structural element which is similar to that present in the active principles of the present invention, so that the bacteria recognizes the structural element of the active principle rather than that of the cell.
BACKGROUND ART
Most bacterial infections arise from attack of bacteria on mucous membranes. For establishment of such infections, the initial ability of the bacteria to adhere to epithelium surfaces is of the greatest importance. The infections capacity of gram-negative bacteria (for example Escherichia coli) is thus directly related to the ability of the bacterium to adhere to epithelium cells (Jones, J. G., Ref. 1). E. coli bacteria adhere more readily to epithelic vaginal cells from women showing a tendency for urinary tract infections as compared to epithelial vaginal cells from healthy controls (Fouler et al., Ref. 2). Correspondingly, investigations both in vivo and in vitro have shown that a larger number of bacteria adhere to periurethral epithelium cells from urinary tract infection-prone girls as compared to the corresponding cells from healthy controls (Kallesius et al., Ref. 3).
The importance of carbohydrate structures on cell surfaces for biological recognition (i.e., receptors) has been recognized, including also the recognition of the bacterium by mammalian cells (Ref. 1) necessary for adherence thereto. Studies have shown that the adhesion of several uropathogenic E. coli strains to periurethral cells is correlated to the ability of specifically agglutinating human erythrocytes (Kalesius et al., Ref. 4). From this the conclusion can be drawn that some substance, possibly of a carbohydrate character, which is present on the surface of human erythrocytes, is the receptor which is recognized by such urinary tract pathogenic bacteria and necessary for adherence of the bacteria to the surface thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has for its purpose to provide a composition or a substance having the ability of replacing the normal in vivo receptor function of cells in relation to pathogenic bacteria which are known to be responsible for infections in man and animals.
Another object of the invention is to provide such composition or substance which in addition to bacterial identification use also can be used diagnostically.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a process for identification or quantification of receptor structures in native biologic material from mammals including man. The invention also relates to a process for purification of acceptor structures of bacteria.
The invention is particularly related to receptor structures for uropathogenic E. coli strains and their recognition of the structural element of the present invention in preference to their recognition of cells to which said bacteria might otherwise adhere.
In connection with studies and experiments leading to the present invention it has been found that the receptor for uropathogenic bacteria exposed on the surface of human crythrocytes contains a structural element of the minimum formula:
A particularly preferred structural element has the formula:
The active constituent in the composition according to the invention thus contains as an active constituent a structural element suitably having the formula:
In this formula the symbol R signifies a nontoxic and noninterfering organic residue which is bound in either .alpha. or .beta.-configuration and which is of an arbitrary type as long as it does not adversely affect the circumstances in connection with the use of the composition i.e., as long as it is nontoxic and noninterfering.
Within this definition the following compounds are of particular interest: i.--NO.sub.2 4-O-(4-O-.alpha.-D-galactopyranosyl)-.beta.-D-galactopyranosyl-.beta.-D
REFERENCES:
patent: 4137401 (1979-01-01), Lemieux et al. II
patent: 4238473 (1980-12-01), Lemieux et al. I
Kallenius, Infectran, (Munich) 1980, 8(Supl 3) 288 in Chem. Abs., vol. 93, 1980, 183837r.
Lancet. ii, 540-543 (1978).
FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 5, 295-299 (1979).
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Immunol. Meth. Enzymol. L, part C, 163-171 (1978) (two papers).
Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 175, 661 (1976).
J. Immunol. 120, 1750 (1978).
In Meth. Enzymol. L, part C, 155 (1978).
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Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73 (1976) 3263-3267.
Carbohydrate Research 62, 245-252; 63, 139-147 (1978).
Carbohydrate Research 74, 105-116 (1979).
In: Methods in Enzymology, vol. 28B, ed. V. Ginsburg, p. 212, Academic Press, New York (1972).
Journal of Urology, vol. 131, pp. 163-167 (Jan. 1984).
Kallenius Gunilla P.
Lundblad Karl A.
Mollby Nils R.
Svensson Stefan B.
Winberg Jan
Hueschen Gordon W.
Nucker Christine M.
Svenska Sockerfabriks AB
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