Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
Patent
1993-07-28
1995-02-07
Acquah, Samuel A.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...
525472, 525509, 524115, 524116, 524188, 524220, C08L 6134
Patent
active
053876555
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a composition having integrated intumescent properties, particularly to a coating on the basis of mixtures of partial phosphate esters, the preparation thereof and their use for the formation of intumescent films, coatings, etc.
The compositions according to the present invention have applications which extend beyond those of the prior art.
Intumescent coatings are commonly applied to the surface of elements of construction. Such coatings serve, for example, to protect barriers or bulkheads separating compartments or penetrations between compartments against the action of fire. The function of the coating, in this case, is to prevent the passage of fire from one compartment to the other. Intumescent coatings are also applied to the surface of flammable substrates, to reduce the flammability thereof, but also to obtain coatings which protect against other influences or are decorative.
According to the state of the art, intumescent coatings consist of an acid phosphate, a polyhydroxy compound and an expanding agent. These components are bound by a conventional polymeric binder. Said binder may be an acrylic styrene or vinyl toluene copolymer, a styrene or vinyl toluene-butadiene-copolymer or a styrene or vinyltoluene-acrylonitrile-copolymer. Alternatively, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, urea or melamine formaldehyde resins and vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymers are also used. The use of epoxy resins in combination with various amino-functional curing agents is also known., In all of these formulations chlorinated paraffins or optionally chlorinated phosphate esters are contained as plasticizers.
Intumescent fire retarding compositions act by forming an expanded, insulating layer of hardly flammable material which forms under the action of heat and which protects the substrate from the access of oxygen and/or overheating and thereby prevents or delays the inflammation of flammable substrates or prevents or at least delays the change in the mechanical and static properties of supporting elements of construction caused by the action of heat.
The properties of the respective formulations strongly depend on the compositions thereof which therefore require exact adjustment. Thus, for example, a stronger expansion (intumescence) results in a thicker protective layer but at the same time said layer becomes more easily detached from the substrate due to its reduced mechanical stability and thus becomes less effective. Intumescent systems have been known and described for a long time. GB-A-2,151,237 discloses formulations which contain chlorinated polymers, novolak resins and chlorinated of phosphorylated plasticizers. GB-A-2,012,296 describes formulations which contain expandable graphite, hydrated alumina and binder systems on the basis of halogenated elastomers and alkyl phenol-formaldehyde resin. GB-A-1,604,908 mentions products with vermiculite and inorganic fibers as filler as well as elastomeric binders and clay.
Conventional systems consist of a binder of the above type, a char or carbon skeleton forming substance (in the following referred to as "carbonific"), an expanding agent (in the following referred to as "spumific") and an acid forming substance as essential components.
As carbonifics, polyhydroxy compounds such as pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, starch and sugars are employed. Examples of spumifics are nitrogen-containing compounds such as melamine, urea, dicyandiamide and guanidine. As acid forming substances mainly ammonium phosphates, preferably ammonium polyphosphate, find use. Examples of further additives are inorganic fibers which are to increase the mechanical strength of the intumescent layer and/or to prevent the dripping thereof, and metal oxides which act as smoke suppressants. Typical examples of such compositions can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,442,157 and 3,562,197, GB-A-755,551 and EP-A-138,546.
From the literature it can be taken that the individual components are not restricted in their act
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Acquah Samuel A.
Chemische Fabrik Budenheim
Oetker Rudolf A.
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