Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants
Reexamination Certificate
1992-02-20
2001-10-09
Kulkosky, Peter F. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants
C524S379000, C523S340000, C523S122000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06299892
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates broadly to bioactive compositions of matter and to methods for preparing those compositions of matter. More particularly, this invention relates to biocidal or antimicrobial compositions of matter for use in consumer and health care products such as soaps, detergents, surgical scrubs, antimicrobial handwashes, and the like, wherein the active agent is a dispersion of particles of coordinated complex of basic, hydrous polymer and a capacitance adding composition. This invention further relates to methods for preparing those dispersions and incorporating them into a range of delivery vehicles suitable for effecting the desired antimicrobial end use.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Numerous bioactive materials are available commercially. They are conventionally incorporated in a variety of vehicles and are used as preservatives in personal care products, in drugs, in household and industrial products such as paints, fuels, and the like, and in other compositions wherein their effect is sought. Other bioactive materials are used for disinfecting surfaces. These include room disinfectants, detergent compositions, and the like. Still other such materials find important agricultural purposes such as pesticides.
The use of polymers for bioactive applications is not broadly new. With respect to the present invention, reference is made to applicant's U.S. Pat. No. 3,016,327, issued Jan. 9, 1962, which is incorporated herein by reference. See also U.S. Pat. No. 2,428,329 (Ham, Sep. 30, 1947) (cited in U.S. Pat. No. 3,016,327); U.S. Pat. No. 3,102,108, (Ed. Geistlich Soehne AG, Aug. 27, 1963); J. R. Woodward and M. S. Korczynski, “Applications of a Halogen-Resin Complex in Water Purification”, Chapter 45 in
Developments in Industrial Microbiology,
Volume 14. Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, 1973; U.S. Pat. No. 3,428,607 (Renner, Feb. 19, 1969); U.S. Pat. No. 4,071,670 (Vanzo and Lewis, Jan. 31, 1978); U.S. Pat. No. 3,928,272 (Brancato and Herman, Dec. 23, 1975); and German Patent Application DE 2831192 (Pfaudler-Werke AG, Jan. 1, 1980).
U.S. Pat. No. 3,102,108 describes bacteriostatic polymers, especially urea-formaldehyde condensates. They are said to take the form of substantially linear chains, possibly lightly cross-linked. The patent indicates that many of the nitrogens of urea formaldehyde condensates form hydroxymethylene groups and that the presence of those groups is reflected in the properties of the products.
The bacteriostatic products of U.S. Pat. No. 3,102,108 are prepared by condensing urea and formaldehyde under alkaline conditions and then spraying the condensate through a rotary nozzle into a drying tower at elevated temperatures to form a condensation product in the form of a white powder. That powder is used as a dusting powder in ointments, suspensions, or in tablets.
Schmitz et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,016,327, describes germicidal compositions comprising solid or liquid soap or nonionic detergent containing active biocidal agent, the latter being colloidal particles of an alkali-activated or basic anion-exchange resin which is preferably a urea-guanidine-formaldehyde condensate. In the patent, the colloidally sized particles of polymer are prepared by procedures known in the art such as, for example, the methods of U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,251,234 and 2,285,750 and in U.S. Pat. No. 2,434,190. These methods relate to the preparation of water insoluble, anion-active resins, the molecular weight of which is a function of the degree of condensation and cross linking. It is said to be critical to reduce the resin prepared in the condensation reaction to a colloidal size in order to effectively disperse the material in a vehicle and to insure that the desired germicidal phenomena take place.
In the patent, polymer syrup formed under alkaline conditions is acidified under constant agitation to a pH of 4. The acidified product is slowly cooled, during which time transition into the gel state is initiated due to the acidification, and proceeds to completion. At room temperature, the acidified gel continuum is broken up into granules of approximately 8 mesh. The granules are oven-dried first at about 55° C. for 6 hours, and finally at 100° C. for 1 hour. The dried, hardened, mechanically rigid anion-exchange resins are ground and treated with an alkaline solution. The pH adjusted “alkali activated” anion-active resin granules are then washed, separated by filtration, and oven-dried, before being micropulverized. Finally, the micropulverized resin particles are passed through a micro-atomizer. The resultant product may then be incorporated into any number of vehicles for its ultimate use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a primary object of this invention to prepare bioactive compositions of matter for various end uses, which compositions are reliable, and effective.
It is a further and primary object of this invention to provide bioactive compositions of matter for various end uses, including products for topical application in large volume consumer and health care products such as soaps, detergents, surgical scrubs, and antimicrobial handwashes, which are cost effective and have broad spectrum activity against bacteria and other harmful natural protein substances.
It is a related and important object of this invention to provide bioactive compositions for topical application which are substantive to keratinous and cellulosic substrates and have long term effectiveness.
It is still a further object of this invention to provide bioactive polymer systems which are compatible with a multiplicity of delivery vehicles.
It is a further and primary object of this invention to provide bioactive compositions substantially no larger than 2000 nanometers which are able to be contained within the boundaries of colloidally dimensioned aqueous vapors, mists, aerosols, soap films, foams, and emulsions.
It is still a further object of this invention to provide methods for forming bioactive compositions of matter and for forming the ultimate end use products incorporating those compositions of matter which are simpler, more reliable, and less expensive than the methods employed in the art.
These and other objects of the invention are achieved in compositions of matter comprising particles of a coordinated complex of certain condensation polymers with a capacitance adding compound wherein substantially all of the particles are less than 2000 nm in diameter.
The polymer of these compositions is a basic, hydrous condensation polymer formed from at least two primary constituents: a carbonyl compound and a reactive monomer. The polymer may include other monomer, especially monomer which is reactive with the N-hydroxymethylene groups formed by the primary constituents. The resultant polymers naturally contain entrained and bound water produced as a by-product of their condensation. A capacitance adding compound is dielectric material having available electrons for coordination complexing with these low molecular weight polymers. Upon combination, the polymer and capacitance adding compound form a novel complex possessing extraordinary degrees of bioactivity.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferred condensation polymers of this invention are condensed from
(1) a monomer selected from compound having the formula
wherein R is >C═NH, —[(CH
2
)
m
NH(CH
2
)
o
]p— and —(CH
2
)—
n
where m, o, and p are zero or an integer from 1 to 4, and at least one of m or o is an integer, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and R
1
and R
2
are H or alkyl or alkenyl or acyl or aryl or melamine or guanamine or piperazine, and
(2) a carbonyl compound such as formaldehyde.
Other preferred polymers according to the invention are condensed from three monomers, namely
(1) a monomer selected from compounds having the formula
wherein R is >C═NH, —[(CH
2
)
m
NH(CH
2
)
o
]p— and —(CH
2
)—
n
where m, o, and p are zero or an integer from 1 to 4, and at least one of m or o is an integer, n is an integer from 1 to 6, and R
1
and
French Philip M.
Kulkosky Peter F.
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