Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-17
2003-05-13
Cain, Edward J. (Department: 1714)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Reexamination Certificate
active
06562885
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to a resin composition, particularly halide impregnated resin particles, and to a method of making the same. The halide impregnated resin particles may be applied to a substrate in the form of a coating or a dry aerosol. It is believed that the halide impregnated resin particles may be used to deactivate or substantially reduce the effectiveness of certain chemically and biologically active agents on contact. Thus, the present invention also relates to the use of halide impregnated particles to deactivate certain chemically and biologically active agents.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,639,452 to Messier, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses a disinfectant substance comprising an iodine impregnated ion exchange resin and a process for the preparation thereof. The Messier patent discloses that this disinfectant is a demand-type broad spectrum resin-polyiodide disinfectant useful in sterilizing fluids, and particularly a polyiodide disinfectant in which the iodine is more tenaciously associated with the resin than with previously known disinfectants, such that it leaves behind nondetectable or otherwise acceptable residual diatomic iodine in treated fluids. Thus, the patent teaches that the iodinated resin may be used to sterilize fluids such as water, air, and bodily secretions by devitalizing microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria and viruses that may be present in the fluid. It appears that this effect generally is accomplished by causing the microorganisms in the fluid to contact the resin surface and/or the resin impregnated material. U.S. Pat. No. 5,431,908 to Lund, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference, also teaches a method of preparing halide-impregnated ion exchange resins useful in purifying fluids such as water.
A devitalizing or disinfectant substance that incorporates the capabilities of a fluid disinfectant such as that described by Messier or Lund, but that is suitable for use in connection with the disinfection of nonfluid objects and deliverable in aerosolized form or incorporated into a coating would be desirable. Such a substance could be used, for example, to decontaminate a nonfluid object that is exposed to biological agents such as airborne pathogens, whether continuously or intermittently. It also could be used to provide a protective coating on nonfluid objects that are likely be exposed to biological agents such that the object would be capable of devitalizing these agents on demand, at least until the devitalizing substance present in the coating has been exhausted, without significant detriment to the object's usual utility and without application of a discrete decontamination or devitalization substance or procedure after exposure to the agent. Such a protective coating would be useful on objects that are likely to be exposed to biological agents on a more or less regular basis, for example, equipment used in medical emergency response or other health care applications or surfaces in public or institutional washrooms and shower facilities. The coating also would be useful on objects that may be exposed to such agents in the event of a catastrophe, such as a military conflict, terrorist incident or a hazardous material spill.
As used herein, “biological agent” refers to hazardous biological organisms including viruses and bacteria, whether in the form of spores or otherwise, and eukaryotic parasites such as Giardia. It also includes biologically generated toxins such as botulinum toxin. The term “devitalize” means to kill a biological agent that is an organism, or to render a biological agent inactive or substantially less effective, including, without limitation, disinfection. It is expected that the devitalizing substance will be effective against biological agents that are susceptible to oxidation by ionic halides such as polyiodide ions.
It also would be desirable to have a deactivating substance capable of reaction with and at least partial deactivation of certain chemical agents. As used herein, “chemical agent” means a hazardous chemical agent, including but not limited to chemical warfare agents such as the compounds known as GD, HD and VX, and hazardous industrial chemical agents. Also, the term “deactivate” means to render any such chemical agent inactive, ineffective, or substantially less effective for its intended purpose of causing harm to animal life or health, and particularly human life or health. As described above in connection with devitalization of biological agents, it is expected that the deactivating substance will be effective against chemical warfare agents and other chemical agents susceptible to oxidation by ionic halides such as polyiodide ions.
The above-described chemical agent deactivating substance could be used to decontaminate fluids that may contain chemical agents, to decontaminate nonfluid objects that may have such agents on their surfaces, or to provide a protective coating on nonfluid objects that are likely to be exposed to such agents. Such a protective coating may provide increased resistance to chemical agents even if it is not capable of deactivating all such possible agents. A substance capable of devitalizing biological agents and deactivating chemical agents, either independently or simultaneously depending upon the circumstances, would be particularly preferred.
In connection with the use of a devitalizing or deactivating substance to decontaminate nonfluid items, it further would be desirable to have such a substance in a dry aerosol form, such that finely divided particles of the substance may be dispersed over the item or items to be treated. Dispersal of the dry aerosol substance, for example, by fogging a room, would allow the substance to penetrate into pores, crevices or other surface irregularities that may be present in or on the item(s) to be treated. The substance also could be applied in this manner to contaminated items such as computers, electronic and electrical equipment, and other water-sensitive or water-reactive materials, that may be further harmed by contact with a liquid devitalizing or deactivating substance, and particularly a water-based substance. A suitable substance in dry aerosol form may be selected based on the electrostatic properties of a nonfluid item, such that the resin particles deposited on the surface tend to be held in engagement with the surface for a period of time. Alternatively, for nonfluid objects that are not liquid-sensitive, the dry aerosol substance may be applied to a surface that has been treated by wetting with a suitable wetting agent to cause the resin particles to remain in engagement with the surface for a desired length of time.
A dry aerosol also could be used in forming a protective coating on a substrate, for example, by “dust-coating.” The devitalizing or deactivating substance in dry aerosol form could be applied to a wetted surface. The wetting agent causes the resin particles to be adhered to or within the agent, such that the particles remain in contact with the surface after drying or curing of the wetting agent. For example, the wetting agent may be a paint-type coating such as a chemical warfare agent resistant coating (CARC) or a polymeric composition.
It also would be desirable to cause the devitalizing or deactivating substance to be incorporated into a coating that may be applied to nonfluid objects to form a protective coating thereon. The resin particles may be admixed with a suitable carrier and the resultant coating applied to a surface of the object by any suitable means, for example, brushing, rolling, spraying, troweling, pouring or the like. The carrier may be a paint-type coating such as a water- or solvent-based CARC or a polymeric material. Such a coating that could be applied to objects likely to become exposed to chemically or biologically active agents, such that deactivation and devitalization of these agents could begin on contact with the object and the object could be maintained essentially fr
Blaney Lynnette D.
Brown David H.
Laderoute Norbert G.
Messier Pierre J.
Moorehead John S.
Battelle (Memorial Institute)
Cain Edward J.
Porter Wright Morris & Arthur LLP
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