Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants
Patent
1995-10-04
1998-09-15
Webman, Edward J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants
424484, 424486, 424488, 424499, 424501, A01N 2510, A01N 2514, A01N 2522
Patent
active
058075666
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a continuation under 35 U.S.C. 371 of PCT application NL 94/00043, filed Feb. 21, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a composition for applying biological control agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes for controlling pests, the control agent being located in a matrix material in the presence of a UV absorber.
The control of insects and other pests using chemical means is facing increasing difficulties in connection with water and soil pollution, residues in food, resistance and inadequate specificity. The control of pests by biological means (viruses, bacteria, fungi and the like) has these drawbacks to a far lesser extent. Thus the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and certain baculoviruses are already being used successfully for controlling insects. A problem in spreading such agents is, however, that they must not only have a rapid lethal effect but also, as long as the pest has not been reached, must not be degraded or affected by atmospheric or environmental influences (sunlight, rain and the like). This requires that the biological agents (bacteria, viruses etc.) used for control should be incorporated in a material which, on the one hand, protects the agent against degradation and, on the other hand, releases the agent before or after ingestion by the plague organism.
Dutch Patent Application 78.09563 discloses an insecticide composition containing, as the control agent, for example the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis which is embedded in small beads of protein and RNA, the purpose of the RNA being to absorb UV light (254 nm). RNA, however, is an expensive means of absorbing UV light and the small beads thus obtained are also insufficiently stable; furthermore, for the purpose of adequate protection, other (longer) wavelengths should also be absorbed.
The known compositions for biological pest control therefore provide insufficient protection, in particular against deterioration due to sunlight, so that the life of the compositions, particularly when used outside greenhouses, is inadequate, and larger quantities must be used than, strictly speaking, would be necessary. There is therefore great demand for long-acting, specific biological control agents, in particular for the treatment of crops which are grown in the open field.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
FIG. 1 shows the percentage mortality of Sodoptera exigua fed with leaf discs from bean plants sprayed with various virus formulations, after exposure to natural sunlight: (1): untreated control; (2) only SeNPV; (3): SeNPV in albumin; (4): SeNPV in albumin with CiB: (August).
FIG. 2 shows the percentage mortality of Sodoptera exigua fed with leaf discs from bean plants sprayed with various virus formulations, after exposure to natural sunlight; (1): untreated control; (2) only SeNPV; (3): SeNPV in albumin; (4): SeNPV in albumin with CiB; (October).
FIG. 3 shows the percentage mortality of Sodoptera exigua fed with leaf discs from bean plants sprayed with various virus formulations, after exposure to natural sunlight; (1): only SeNPV; (2): SeNPV in albumin with 42% CiY; (3): SeNPV in albumin with 6% CiY; (4): SeNPV in albumin with 39% CiB; (5): SeNPV in albumin with 14% CiB; (July).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A composition has now been found in which the biological agent is incorporated in a degradable matrix in the presence of a UV absorber in such a way that it is protected on a long-term basis against sunlight and other environmental influences and is therefore available on a long-term basis for effective biological control. A further advantage of the composition found is that it adheres effectively to leaves and as a result is not readily removed by rain or other weather effects.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The composition according to the invention is characterized in that the UV absorber is bound to the matrix material. The UV absorber is preferably bound covalently (chemically) to the matrix material. The amount of UV absorber used may vary from, for example,
REFERENCES:
patent: 4331652 (1982-05-01), Ludwig et al.
patent: 4798786 (1989-01-01), Tice et al.
patent: 4844896 (1989-07-01), Bohm et al.
patent: 5248500 (1993-09-01), Ayanaba
patent: 5360892 (1994-11-01), Bonsignore et al.
patent: 5523293 (1996-06-01), Jane et al.
Shapiro et al., Laboratory Evaluation of Dyes as Ultraviolet . . . , Jour of Economic Entomology, Feb. 1990, vol. 83, No. 1, pp. 168-172.
De Vlieger Jan Jacobus
Smits Peter Hans
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk On
Webman Edward J.
LandOfFree
Composition for controlling pests, process for the preparation t does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Composition for controlling pests, process for the preparation t, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Composition for controlling pests, process for the preparation t will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-84880