Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Extract – body fluid – or cellular material of undetermined...
Reexamination Certificate
2002-03-27
2003-12-23
Lilling, Herbert J. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Extract, body fluid, or cellular material of undetermined...
Reexamination Certificate
active
06667062
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composition useful as an anti-fouling agent by inhibiting microbial growth, said composition comprising extract and/or its fractions from Zoanthus sp. and optionally de-odorizing agents and a method of producing said extract and its fractions having about 100% anti-bacterial activity fouling microbes.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART REFERENCES
Chemical antifouling defense strategies of marine organisms have been studied either directly against the target fouling organisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, invertebrate larvae, etc. (Amade et ai., 1987
, Mar. Biol
. 94, 271-275; Slattery et al., 1995
, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol
, 190, 61-77; Shellenberger and Ross, 1998
, Northwest Science
, 72(1), 23-33) or using other fouling measures like settlement inhibition, larval moulting rates, photosynthesis, etc. (Kon-ya et al., 1994
, Fish. Sci
, 60(6), 773-775; Kato et al., 1995
, Tetrahedron letters
, 36(12), 2133-2136; Mizobuchi et al., 1996, Fisheries Sci, 62(1), 98-100; Becerro et al., 1997
, J. Chem. Ecol
, 23(6), 1527-1547).
Information on secondary metabolite production marine organisms deals mostly with isolation and characterization of the compounds and very little is known about their ecological and biological importance. In recent years, some attempts have been made in this direction on a few groups such as soft corals, gorgonians, algae, sponges, bryozoans, etc. (Targett, 1988
, in Marine Biodeterioration
, M. F. Thompson., R. Sarojini., R. Nagabhushanam., A A Balkema eds, Rotterdnm, 607-617; Standing et al., 1984
, J. Chem. Ecol
, 10, 823-824; Davis et al., 1991
, Mar. Ecol, Prog. Ser
, 72, 117-123; Vitalina et al., 1991
, in Bioactive compounds from marine organisms
, M. F. Thompson., R. Sarojini., R. Nagabhushanam eds, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, 63-68; Szewzyk et al., 1991
, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser
, 75, 259-265) leaving many other groups unstudied. Zoanthid (Phylum Coelenterata; Family Zoanthidae) is one such group which has received very little attention with respect to chemical defense strategies.
Zoanthids are benthic, sessile, colony forming organisms, comprising of thousands of individual polyps. Several chemical compounds have been isolated from zoanthids, possessing various pharmacological properties,(Moore and Scheuer, 1971
, Science
, 172, 495-498; Cimino et al., 1973,; Sturaro et al., 1982; Rao et al., 1985
, J. Org. Chem
, 50, 3757-3760; Bakus et al., 1986
, J. Chem. Ecol
, 12, 951-987; Quinn, 1988
, in Bioorganic Marine Chemistry
, P. J. Scheuer ed. Vol 2, 25-27; Shigemori et al., 1999
, J. Nat. Prods
, 62(2), 373). However, very little is known about the functions of these metabolites in their natural habitat. In the Anjuna beach of Goa (west coast of India), they occur as dense mats and colonise a large intertidal area. The main focus of the present Invention{circumflex over ( )} therefore, is to ujidjijtjadj{circumflex over ( )}e{circumflex over ( )}h{circumflex over ( )}nucal antifouling defense properties against common micro-fouling organisms viz. bacteria and diatoms utilising the extract of Zoanthus sp and in turn for identifying a\natraJ product useful in antifouling technqlojgy.
Any surface exposed to marine environment undergoes sequential changes that begins with the adsorption of a layer of bio-polymers followed by the formation of a bacterial film, growth of pinnate diatoms and protozoans (Baier, 1984
, in Marine Biodeterioration: An Interdisciplinary Study
, J. D. Costlow and R. C. Tipper, ed, Naval Institute Press, Anapolis, Md., 57-62; Mitchell and Kirchman, 1984
, in Marine Biodeterioration: An Interdisciplinary Study
, J. D. Costlow and R. C. Tipper, ed, Naval Institute Press, Anapolis, Md., 49-56; Wahl, 1989
, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser
, 58, 175-189). Consequently, the variety of bacterial species forming the microbial film may influence, inhibit or at times have no effect upon the later settling species which constitute the invertebrate larvae that settle and metamorphose into adults (Bakus et al., 1986
, J. Chem. Ecol
, 12, 951-987). In most cases where it has been shown that a microbial film is necessary for settling of larvae and algal propagules, inhibition of bacterial growth would prevent the microbial film formation and in turn inhibit larval settlement, ultimately leaving the surfaces free of epibionts.
In this effort, the test animals were collected and the crude methanol extract was prepared. The antifouling potential of the extract was then explored against known fouling diatoms and bacteria in the laboratory. After testing the activity of the crude extract, it was fractionated using solvents of increasing polarity. These fractions were tested against the fouling diatoms. The results of the evaluation reveals that the extract of Zoanthus sp has the antifouling property.
OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to develop a composition comprising an extract from Zoanthus species.
Another main object of the present invention is to develop a composition having anti-fouling property.
Yet another object of the present invention is to develop fractions from extract of animal Zoanthus species.
Still another object of the present invention is to fractionate the crude extract using solvents of increasing polarity, viz; petroleum ether, chloroform, n-butanol and the aqueous fraction.
Still another object of the present invention is to identify the fraction which is most effective hi against fouling diatoms.
Still another object of the present invention is to develop a method of preparing composition comprising an extract from Zoanthus species.
Still another object of the present invention is to develop a method of preparing said composition having 100% anti-bacterial activity.
Still another object of the present invention is to develop a method of preparing said composition having 100% microbial growth inhibitory activity against fouling microbes.
Still another object of the present invention is to develop a method of preparing said composition with anti-microbial activity wherein, said activity is particularly effective in marine environment.
Still another object of the present invention is to develop a method of preparing said composition with anti-microbial activity wherein, said activity is particularly effective against bacteria and diatoms.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composition useful as an anti-fouling agent by inhibiting microbial growth, said composition comprising extract and/or its fractions from Zoanthus sp. and optionally de-odorizing agents and a method of producing said extract and its fractions having about 100% anti-bacterial activity fouling microbes.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention relates to a composition useful as an anti-fouling agent by inhibiting microbial growth, said composition comprising extract and/or its fractions from Zoanthus sp. and optionally de-odorizing agents and a method of producing said extract and its fractions having about 100% anti-bacterial activity fouling microbes.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a composition comprising extract and/or its fractions from Zoanthus sp, and optionally de-odorizing agents wherein said composition is useful as an anti-fouling agent against microbes.
In another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said extract and its fractions are prepared by using either polar or non-polar solvent.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein animal species preferably used for said activity is
Coelenterata Zoanthidea.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said composition is prepared by using whole body tissue of said species.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said de-odorizing agent shows no affect on the activity of said extract and fractions.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein ratio of said extract and/or fractions and de-odorizing agent is ranging between 1:1 to 1:10.
Achuthankutty Chittur Thelakkat
Gonsalves Cynthia Olimpia Lydia
Naik Chandrakant Govind
Subrayan Perunninakulath Parameswaran
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Lilling Herbert J.
Merchant & Gould P.C.
LandOfFree
Composition comprising Zoanthus sp. extract with... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Composition comprising Zoanthus sp. extract with..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Composition comprising Zoanthus sp. extract with... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3176582