Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Topical sun or radiation screening – or tanning preparations
Patent
1993-11-15
1995-08-22
Ore, Dale R.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Topical sun or radiation screening, or tanning preparations
424 60, 424 63, A61K 7021, A61K 742, A61K 744
Patent
active
054438195
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application of the notional stage of PCT/GB0-877 filed May 15, 1992.
The present invention relates to the enhancement of sun tanning and has particular, but not exclusive, application to the sun tanning of fair skin (ie. Types I and II skins).
The extent of sun tanning following exposure to sunlight or other source of UV light depends upon the type of skin. Those with fair skin (ie. Types I and II) do not readily tan and are much more liable to sunburn than those with dark skin (ie. Types IV and V). Existing sunscreen preparations protect against sunburn but do not enhance tanning compared with the unprotected skin.
It has now surprisingly been found that tanning can be enhanced by topical application of manganese (II) bicarbonate or other pseudocatalases.
We have disclosed in a co-pending Patent Application of the same priority and filing dates and corresponding to UK Patent Application No. 9110652 that pseudocatalase can be used topically to treat vitiligo.
By pseudocatalase, we mean a plasma membrane permeable physiologically acceptable compound which catalyzes the dismutation of H.sub.2 O.sub.2 in vivo in analogous manner to catalase.
Exposure of the skin to UVB radiation generates superoxide anion radicals which is a preferred substrate for human tyrosinase (40 times better than oxygen) thereby promoting melanin formation. However, the superoxide anion radicals are dismutated into dioxygen and peroxide ion causing an undesirable increase in hydroxyl ion concentration unless catalase or some other competing mechanism removes peroxide ion. Thus, the presence of a pseudocatalase is believed to allow sufficient UVB exposure for superoxide anion radical formation to promote pigmentation in catalase deficient areas without burning or other cell damage.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a pseudocatalase in the manufacture of a topical composition for the enhancement of tanning of skin, especially fair skin, on exposure to sunlight or UVB light.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a topical sunscreen composition comprising a pseudocatalase, a sunscreen agent and a physiologically acceptable topical vehicle therefor.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a pseudocatalase for use in the enhancement of tanning of skin, especially fair skin, on exposure to sunlight or UVB light.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a method of enhancing tanning of skin, especially fair skin, which comprises applying to the skin an effective amount of a pseudocatalase.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides use of a pseudocatalase to enhance tanning of skin on exposure to sunlight or UVB light.
The pseudocatalase can be any physiologically acceptable compound which catalyzes the dismutation of hydrogen peroxide. Some compounds such as Mn(II) bicarbonate are already known to be pseudocatalases and others can be determined by simple screening tests.
The presently preferred pseudocatalases are transition metal co-ordination complexes in which the inductive effect of the electron acceptor ligand enhances the redox effect of the metal on hydrogen peroxide dismutation. Usually, the metal will be Cu(I), Fe(II) or, especially Mn(II) and the ligand will be bicarbonate. It is especially preferred that the pseudocatalase is Mn(II) bicarbonate complex. Said complex readily can be prepared by contacting manganous chloride with excess bicarbonate in aqueous solution.
The pseudocatalase is formulated in a topical vehicle for use. Conveniently, the vehicle comprises a hydrophilic cream to which an aqueous solution or suspension of the pseudocatalase is added to form a cream or lotion. Alternatively, the vehicle can be a bath oil although any other compatible topical vehicle can be used to provide a topical composition.
Usually, the composition will contain a sunscreen agent and other components such as emollients, perfumes etc conventionally used in sunscreen preparations. In particular, the composition can contain calcium ions, suitably added as calcium chloride, usually i
REFERENCES:
patent: 4129644 (1978-12-01), Kalopissis et al.
patent: 4349536 (1982-09-01), Hausler
patent: 4743442 (1988-05-01), Raaf et al.
patent: 4806344 (1989-02-01), Gaskin
Kono et al., Chemical Abstracts, 114(21):202133d, 2(1), pp. 18-26 (1990).
Schallreuter Karin U.
Wood John M.
Ore Dale R.
Stiefel Laboratories, Inc.
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