Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Carbohydrate doai
Reexamination Certificate
1999-12-27
2001-10-16
Peselev, Elli (Department: 1623)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Carbohydrate doai
C514S053000, C514S054000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06303587
ABSTRACT:
The invention concerns a composition comprising, as active ingredient at least one phytosanitary product of the type which can stimulate the germination of pollen grains.
It also concerns a process for the treatment of plants for the stimulation of the germination of pollen grains by application, in particular to leaves, of the said composition.
It concerns, finally, under the title of new industrial products, inasmuch as their use for the said stimulation is contemplated, the phytosanitary products which constitute the active ingredient of the said composition.
The germination of pollen grains occurs after pollinization during which the pollen grains are transported on the flowers and retained at the receptive surface of the stigma; this permits the fertilization as such and the constitution of the embryo due to the formation, originating from the pollen grain, of an organ called the pollen tube; this organ is embedded in the stigma, then in the style and finally penetrates up to the embryonic sac in which fertilization occurs.
It is well known, (see for example page 405 of BIOLOGIE VÉGÉTALE,
“Croissance Morphogenèse Reproduction”
by P. Champagnat, P. Ozenda and L. Baillaud, published by Masson & Cie, 1969) that the lifespan of the pollen grain, once pollinization occurs is short, and does not usually exceed a period of 24 hours.
And when the germination of a given pollen grain does not occur within this short period, the fertilization which it could have provoked does not occur and one of the possible descendants of the plant is lost.
The person skilled in the art has thus searched for methods for favoring the germination of pollen grains and thus increasing the yield of crops.
Thus, it has already been proposed to stimulate the germination of pollen grains by applying borate solutions to crops.
It has been found that the recorded results are not considered to be satisfactory by the users.
It has further been noted that saccharose which is the most abundant sugar in plants can to a certain extent stimulate the germination of pollen grains; in view of the poor results, the research leading to this finding has never exceeded the laboratory stage.
The invention thus aims to remedy this situation and to supply phytosanitary products of the type in question which respond, in a satisfactory manner and in any case better than saccharose and borate solutions, to the various practical needs.
And the Applicant Company has found, due to its thorough research, that in a surprising and unexpected fashion, this aim could be attained by having recourse, as phytosanitary products of the type in question, to those of a group comprising certain oligosaccharides whose structure, which is different from that of saccharose, allowed even less to predict that they possessed the desired stimulating property since certain oligosaccharides having a structure very close to the representatives of said group have no activity on the germination of pollen grains.
It follows that the composition for application, in particular to leaves, according to the invention, comprises an excipient, the conventional components of compositions for in particular application to leaves and an active ingredient, is characterized by the fact that the active ingredient is constituted by at least one phytosanitary product capable of stimulating the germination of pollen grains, selected from the group comprising:
oligosaccharides having a degree of polymerization up to 10 and comprising up to 10, preferably up to 5 and, even more preferably, two glucidic units linked by &bgr;1-3, &bgr;1-4 and &agr;1-3, particularly those of the group comprising laminaribiose, cellobiose, nigerose, laminaritriose, laminaritetraose and laminaripentaose,
derivatives of the above oligosaccharides substituted on the free anomeric carbon atom or on all the carbon atoms having a free hydroxide by a radical selected from the group comprising:
C
1
to C
5
alkyl radicals, preferably the methyl radical,
C
1
to C
5
acyl radicals, preferably the acetyl radical,
aryl radicals, preferably pyridylamino radicals,
cycloalkyl radicals from C
x
to C
y
,
amines,
the N-acetyl radical and
sulfate and phosphate radicals.
The process for the treatment of plants for the stimulation of the germination of pollen grains is characterized by the fact that it comprises the application, in particular to leaves, of the composition according to the invention.
According to an advantageous embodiment of the composition according to the invention, it comprises, in combination with the active ingredient constituted by the phytosanitary product capable of stimulating the germination of pollen grains, at least one other phytosanitary product, in particular a fungicide.
The invention will be better understood with the help of the further description which follows and the non limitative examples which are provided with respect to the advantageous embodiments.
Proposing, consequently, to stimulate the germination of pollen grains, the method below or an equivalent method is followed.
The plants to be stimulated are treated with a composition for application, in particular to leaves, comprising in addition to excipients and conventional constituents of such compositions, at least one of the phytosanitary products capable of stimulating the germination of said pollen grains and selected from the group as defined above.
This treatment is performed at the time of flowering, more specifically at the time of pollinization.
It is performed, preferably, before or at the moment of opening of the anthers.
It may be performed by spraying of the composition according to the invention.
It is possible to use a single spraying; however, it may be advantageous to renew this operation at least once; in this case, the first spraying is advantageously performed two days before the opening of the anthers and the second on the very day of opening.
The specific moment will be selected as a function of the treated plant.
Said plant may be constituted by any plant of agricultural or ornamental interest for which the fertilization requires either a mechanism of cross-pollinization, (called allopollinization), or a mechanism of direct pollinization (called autopollinization) in which the pollen and the stigma belong to the same individual. The plants which are not concerned by the present invention are those having external flower envelopes which do not open and in which the pollinization is performed without the pollen being freed and germinating directly in the anther; this is the case for cleistogamic flowers.
Good results were obtained with plants as divers as
tobacco,
vegetable plants such as carrots, tomatoes, cauliflowers and potatoes,
fruit trees such as apple, cherry and plum,
oleaginous plants such as soya, sunflower and rapeseed,
cereals such as corn,
flowers such as lily.
The concentration of active ingredient in the compositions for leaf application according to the invention is from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 1.5 to 10% and even more preferably from 2 to 8% by weight.
The quantity of the composition applied by hectare is such that it brings to the acre 10 to 1000 g of active ingredient, preferably from 20 to 500 g and even more preferably from 50 to 250 g.
When the composition is liquid, the excipient is generally water.
It is, however, possible to use, in the place of water, an excipient selected from the group comprising mineral oils, vegetable oils, all liquid fats and alcohols, in particular propyleneglycol or glycerine.
The essential conventional components of the compositions according to the invention depend upon the active matter of the treated plants; they are generally selected from the group comprising solid bulking agents, solvents, surface active agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents.
When the compositions according to the invention are in the form of powders, the excipient is advantageously constituted by a bulking agent, in particular inorganic.
This bulking agent may be selected from the group comprising kaolin, finely dispersed clay and talc.
In the case
le Bui Van
Levasseur Florence
Tran Thanh Kiem-Ngoc
Yvin Jean-Claude
Kilpatrick & Stockton LLP
Laboratoires Goemar S.A.
Peselev Elli
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