Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Radical -xh acid – or anhydride – acid halide or salt thereof...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-11-14
2002-01-29
Reamer, James H. (Department: 1614)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Radical -xh acid, or anhydride, acid halide or salt thereof...
Reexamination Certificate
active
06342530
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of the d,l- or l-lysine salt of R,S or S-ibuprofen having analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activity. The invention further relates to a method of treating pain or inflammation or of reducing fever by parenterally administering the pharmaceutical compositions to a mammalian subject in need of such treatment, especially to a patient who is a neonate or who is suffering from kidney disease. The invention further relates to R,S or S-ibuprofen-d,l or l-lysine especially formulated for babies born at 28 to 32 weeks of gestational age to treat patent ductus arterious (PA) and to treat or prevent intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). The invention also relates to a process for preparing the pharmaceutical compositions of the d,l- or l-lysine salt of R,S or S-ibuprofen.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Lysine salts of ibuprofen having anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity are known in the art. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,604 to Tung et al. The Tung et al patent is specifically directed to the formation and resolution of ibuprofen-(S)-lysine into the (S)-ibuprofen-(S)-lysine and (R)-ibuprofen-(S)-lysine salts. There is no mention or suggestion of preparing compositions containing either optical isomer suitable for parenteral administration.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,510,385 and 5,622,990 also disclose lysine salts of ibuprofen. Both patents disclose that the lysine salts of ibuprofen are in a solid form suitable for oral administration such as tablets, caplets, powders and granulates. Once again there is no suggestion of forming a lysine salt of ibuprofen in a solution suitable for parenteral administration.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,279,926 is directed to pharmaceutical compositions containing among the salts of phenylalkanoic acids, the D,L and L lysine salts of ibuprofen. Compositions are prepared which are suitable for parenteral administration and include sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, or emulsions. The only aqueous composition suitable for parenteral administration disclosed in this patent contains 3 ml of 95% aqueous ethanol and 500 mg of ibuprofen. Such a system with its ethanol content would be not at all suitable to administer to a patient who is a neonate or a patient who suffers from kidney disease.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,895,789 is directed to an improvement in the invention disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,279,926. According to this patent the compositions suitable for parenteral administration, containing an alkylammonium salt of a 2-arylpropionic acid, including ibuprofen, include an aqueous solution having an osmolarity between 270 and 310 mOsm/kg and a pH in the range of 7.0 to 7.5. The solution is free of preservatives and of supporting substances and is prepared and kept in an inert gas atmosphere and away from light. According to the reference the use of an inert gas during the preparation of the compositions and their subsequent storage enables reaching a degree of stability sufficient to avoid the need for adding preservatives and co-solvents for example alcohols or glycols for preventing the progressive yellowing of the solution. It is noted that while this patent mentions ibuprofen among the 2-arylpropionic acids and mentions the d,l lysine and l lysine salts as specific alkylammonium salts of the 2-arylpropionic acids, there is no express mention and certainly no example of any lysine salt of ibuprofen.
Because U.S. Pat. No. 5,895,789 requires that the pH of the aqueous solution containing the alkylammonium salts of the 2-arylpropionic acids to remain between 7.0 and 8.5 and to have an osmolarity of between 270 and 310 mOsm/kg, the compositions are buffered with a C
3
to C
5
di- or tricarboxylic acid or an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt thereof selected from the group consisting of tartronic, malic, tartaric and citric acids. The preferred buffer is a citric acid/sodium hydroxide and/or sodium citrate buffer. It is also required that the compositions according to this patent be packaged in dark glass containers opaque to light radiation.
One of the problems often associated with premature neonates (babies born at 28 to 32 weeks of gestational age) is patent ductus arterious (PDA). The drug presently used to treat this indication is indomethacin. A major side effect of indomethacin after administration to neonates is renal failure. Indomethacin is effective in the treatment of PDA because indomethacin inhibits the biosynthesis of prostaglandin.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to prepare stable pharmaceutical compositions of the d,l or l-lysine salt of R,S or S-ibuprofen having anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic activity and which are suitable for parenteral administration, need not be prepared and stored under an inert gas atmosphere and need not be packaged in dark glass containers opaque to light radiation.
It is a further object of the invention to obtain stable pharmaceutical compositions of the d,l- or l-lysine salt of R,S or S-ibuprofen having anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-pyretic activity that are safe for administration to any patient in need of said treatment, including neonates and patients suffering from a kidney disorder.
It is a further object of the invention to provide stable pharmaceutical compositions that may be administered to neonates to treat patent ductus arterious (PDA) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) to inhibit the biosynthesis of prostaglandin and that are free of the side effects caused by administration of indomethacin.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have found that pharmaceutical compositions which satisfy all of these requirements consist of a therapeutically effective amount of the d,l- or l-lysine salt of R,S or S-ibuprofen as active ingredient dissolved in sterile water to form a solution in the absence of an inert atmosphere and either free or substantially free of any excipient, organic solvent, buffer, acid, base, salt other than the active ingredient and capable of storage in the absence of an inert atmosphere.
We have also found a method of treating pain or inflammation or of reducing fever in a mammalian subject by parenterally administering to said mammalian subject a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition described in the preceding paragraph. Such a mammalian subject may include human patients, including neonates who may have been born prematurely and patients suffering from a kidney disorder, including nephritis, nephrosis, cancer of the kidney and kidney failure.
A preferred feature of the present invention is the administration of the present composition to premature neonates (especially neonates born at 28 to 32 weeks of gestational age). The compositions of the present invention may be administered to these very small patients to block the biosynthesis of prostaglandin and at the same time the patients are free of the side effects associated with indomethacin, e.g. renal failure, the inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis known in the art for treating this condition.
According to the present invention the d,l- or l-lysine salts of R,S or S ibuprofen are prepared without any addition of sodium chloride thus making the product safer for infants or other patients whose renal function, especially electrolyte elimination, is already compromised. The dosage form of this solution is 10 mg of R,S or S ibuprofen d,l or l lysinate (calculated on the basis of the ibuprofen not the salt) per ml of water. Preferably 1 to 2 ml of the solution are administered by injection to a patient as a daily dosage.
The new pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be prepared alternatively as follows:
(a) dissolving the d,l- or l-lysine salt of R,S or S ibuprofen in sterile water to form a solution in the absence of an inert atmosphere and free or substantially free of any excipient, organic solvent, buffer, acid, base, salt other than the active ingredient and capable of storage in the absence of an inert atmosphere; or
(b) dissolving d,l- or l-lysine and R,S or S ibupr
Dubno Herbert
Farmacon-Il, LLC
Myers Jonathan
Reamer James H.
LandOfFree
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