Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-08-08
2003-03-04
Pak, John (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Heterocyclic carbon compounds containing a hetero ring...
C514S023000, C514S053000, C514S054000, C514S251000, C514S276000, C514S356000, C514S494000, C514S505000, C514S553000, C514S578000, C514S781000, C514S784000, C514S866000, C514S904000, C514S905000, C514S909000, C514S910000, C514S911000, C424S646000, C424S655000, C426S072000, C426S074000, C426S810000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06528502
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to dietary supplement. More particularly, the invention relates to a nutritional supplement and methods of use thereof for improved carbohydrate management in mammals.
As is well known in the medical community, insulin is one of the most powerful anabolic hormones in the body and is the primary driver of amino acid and glucose into muscle cells. In muscle tissue, insulin initiates the transport of glucose, mineral ions, and amino acids, and also regulates the synthesis and degradation of macromolecules. Additionally, insulin decreases muscle catabolism during exercise, which allows greater gains from intense exercise. It has been found that increased insulin activity affects tissues, and in particular muscle tissue, in a manner such that increased protein synthesis and muscle growth can occur.
Although insulin is primarily known for its ability to promote tissue uptake of blood sugar, i.e., glucose, it exerts a number of other important physiological effects. These effects include increased synthesis and retention of protein in skeletal muscle and other tissues; stimulation of activated immune cells; enhanced brain uptake of tyrosine and tryptophan (precursors for important brain neurotransmitters); reduced output of free fatty acids from adipose stores; accelerated potassium uptake by cells; and increased metabolic rate. Additionally, insulin mediates the thermogenic effects of carbohydrates, which typically cause increases in metabolic rate following absorption of dietary carbohydrates. Such mediation occurs through the activation by the insulin of fat burning in “brown fat.” Insulin is also required for proper thyroid function, and stimulates activity of the “sodium pump,” an enzyme that regulates ion movements and accounts for a significant fraction of the metabolic energy burned everyday. Studies have indicated a tendency for mature adults to lose sensitivity to insulin. A sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and a diet low in fiber and chromium and high in sugars, all contribute to decreased insulin sensitivity. Studies have also found that individuals with impaired insulin sensitivity are at risk for high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes.
Numerous scientific studies have found that vanadium and chromium, when ingested, have properties that closely mimic, as well as enhance, many of the physiological effects of insulin. In this respect, it has been found that these elements serve to both increase the effectiveness and enhance the anabolic effects of insulin. Supplementation of these elements into a normal diet has been shown to increase lean body mass without increasing body fat, stabilize blood sugar, i.e., glucose levels, increase the responsiveness of cells to insulin, and lower blood fat levels. By their ability to potentiate the effect of insulin, both vanadium and chromium have been found to enhance the entry of glucose (for energy) and amino acids (for protein synthesis) into muscle cells and inhibit the action of enzymes that catabolize the amino acids and proteins. It has further been found that these particular elements include cholesterol lowering, energy producing, and anabolic promoting properties, while providing an optimal environment for anabolic development, weight/fat loss, and energy output.
Though a large number of dietary supplements are currently known and marketed, no such supplements include a novel mixture of vanadium and chromium so as to enhance and mimic the positive effects that insulin has on the body's metabolism. The present invention overcomes these and other deficiencies associated with the prior art.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a nutritional supplement comprising effective amounts of niacin, chromium, and vanadium, and optionally other vitamins and minerals for enhancing insulin utilization and improving carbohydrate management in mammals.
It is also an object of the invention to provide effective amounts of thiamin, riboflavin, magnesium, and zinc.
It is another object of the invention to provide anabolic vitamins and minerals for use in a nutritional supplement, weight loss, formula, and cholesterol lowering agent.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a nutritional supplement for increasing lean body mass without increasing body fat, stabilizing blood sugar, i.e., glucose levels, and increasing the responsiveness of cells to insulin and lower blood fat levels.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a method for enhancing the physiological effects of insulin in the body through the judicious administration of selected vitamins and minerals.
These and other objects can be addressed by providing a nutritional supplement comprising:
(a) about 1-3000×10
−3
parts by weight of niacin;
(b) about 1-2000×10
−6
parts by weight of chromium; and
(c) about 1-25×10
−3
parts by weight of vanadium.
Further, the nutritional supplement preferably further comprises about 15-3000×10
−3
parts by weight of thiamin, about 1-1000×10
−3
parts by weight of riboflavin, about 25-2500×10
−3
parts by weight of magnesium, and/or about 1-100×10
−3
parts by weight of zinc. The minerals can be provided as inorganic or organic salts, but preferably are provided in bioavailable form as amino acid chelates.
A method for enhancing the physiological effects of insulin comprises administering an effective amount of a nutritional supplement comprising:
(a) about 1-3000×10
−3
parts by weight of niacin;
(b) about 1-2000×10
−6
parts by weight of chromium; and
(c) about 1-25×10
−3
parts by weight of vanadium.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Before the present composition and method for improved carbohydrate management in mammals are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular configurations, process steps, and materials disclosed herein as such configurations, process steps, and materials may vary somewhat. It is also to be understood that the terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting since the scope of the present invention will be limited only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
The publications and other reference materials referred to herein to describe the background of the invention and to provide additional detail regarding its practice are hereby incorporated by reference. The references discussed herein are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the inventors are not entitled to antedate such disclosure by virtue of prior invention.
It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composition containing “an amino acid chelate” includes a mixture of two or more of such amino acid chelates, reference to “a pharmaceutical necessity” includes reference to one or more of such pharmaceutical necessities, and reference to “a diluent” includes reference to a mixture of two or more of such diluents.
In describing and claiming the present invention, the following terminology will be used in accordance with the definitions set out herein.
As used herein, “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” “characterized by,” and grammatical equivalents thereof are inclusive or open-ended terms that do not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps. “Comprising” is to be interpreted as including the more restrictive terms “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of.”
As used herein, “consisting of” and grammatical equivalents thereof exclude any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claim.
As used herein, “consisting essentially of” and grammatical equivalents thereof limit th
Katke Jeffrey J.
Krumhar Kim Carleton
Knobbe Martens Olson & Bear LLP
Metagenics, Inc.
Pak John
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