Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Whole live micro-organism – cell – or virus containing – Bacteria or actinomycetales
Patent
1997-01-17
1999-05-04
Lankford, Jr., Leon B.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Whole live micro-organism, cell, or virus containing
Bacteria or actinomycetales
424 934, 424405, 4352533, 435874, A01N 6300, A01N 2500, C12N 120, C12N 100
Patent
active
059002360
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to plant protection products. More specifically, the invention relates to a novel strain of the bacterial species Pseudomonas chlororaphis and the use of compositions containing this bacterial strain or antibiotic substances produced by this strain in plant production in order to protect plants against attacks by phytopathogenic microbial agents.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Several agents of microbial nature with the ability to induce plant diseases cause considerable damages, and accordingly economic losses, in crop plants. Many of them attack leaves and/or other aerial plant parts and then usually reach new uninfected crops by airborne spores. Others are transmitted from one crop generation to the next by being seedborne and several economically important disease-inducing agents are soilborne and reside more or less inactive in the soil until a susceptible crop is grown.
Procedures exerted for controlling microbial disease-inducing agents in crop production are often costly, but in most crop growing systems economically necessary. One widely used method is treatment with biostatic or biocidal chemicals. They are in most cases applied as sprays on growing crops, as seed or root treatments or as soil disinfectants. Other standard methods are breeding for resistance and management of the cropping system itself.
These standard control methods all have some drawbacks. Managing of the cropping system is effective or convenient only for certain disease problems. Also the breeding of crop plants for resistance is possible or suitable only in certain cases, may take long time and the resistance obtained may be broken after some time by the appearance of new strains of the pathogen. Chemical compounds often are highly effective, but they may give unwanted effects in the environment, require careful handling as most are risky for human health and they also may become ineffective where resistant pathogen strains develop.
The use of biological control agents or biopesticides may be more effective or more preferable than the use of other control methods and, thus, such agents have been extensively tried. Several bacterial and fungal strains are known to inhibit growth of various microbial disease-inducing agents. To be effective and usable they have to be stable, give reproducible results in the field and there must be possibilities to apply them under field conditions. To date few have fulfilled these requirements and, thus, have been used as commercial products.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a biological control agent useful and effective for controlling plant pathogen attacks in commercial plant growings. A novel strain (MA 342) of the bacteria Pseudomonas chlororaphis showing the desired characteristics is provided. The isolate was deposited at the National Collections of Industrial and Marine Bacteria Limited (NCIMB), Aberdeen, Scotland on Feb. 14, 1994 under the terms of the Budapest Treaty and has received NCIMB Accession No. 40616.
The invention also provides a plant disease controlling composition containing as active ingredient the novel strain MA 342 or mutants thereof with essentially the same characteristics or antipathogenically active metabolites or derivates thereof. Further, the invention provides a method of controlling plant diseases using the novel strain MA 342 or mutants thereof with essentially the same characteristics or antipathogenically active metabolites or derivates thereof.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1: This figure shows the fatty acid profile obtained with the Microbial Identification System (MIDI, Newark Ltd., USA) of the bacterial isolate MA 342.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Below follows a characterization of the novel bacterial strain and a description of preferred methods for strain proliferation and for formulations and applications in the field or in greenhouses. Several examples are offered to further illustrate, but not to limit, the method and composition of
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Gerhardson Berndt
Gustafsson Annika
Hokeberg Margareta
Jerkeman Tiiu
Jingstrom Britt-Marie
BioAgri AB
Lankford , Jr. Leon B.
Ware Deborah K.
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