Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Cast in situ concrete barrier with laterally projecting... – Block-type filler between sustainers
Patent
1998-07-24
2000-08-01
Friedman, Carl D.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Cast in situ concrete barrier with laterally projecting...
Block-type filler between sustainers
522203, 52414, 52480, 52319, E04B 543
Patent
active
060948787
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a composite floor structure comprising a mortar layer set by a mineral agent and a the carrier plate substantially consisting of a flat basic element and a great number of upwardly projecting structural elements extending into the mortar, the elements having substantially the same height.
2. The Prior Art
Composite floor structures are adequately known and are employed, for example as subfloors when floor heating systems are to be installed. Such composite floor structures representing the subfloor for the final floor covering are based on the concept of the floating composition floor; i.e., the composition floor is separated from the supporting subfloor by a soft intermediate layer and is not connected with the latter but only rests on the intermediate layer. The composition floor is provided to serve as a load-distributing layer for uniformly admitting forces of load via the intermediate layer into the supporting subfloor, for example a concrete floor.
The carrier plate, which consists of an insulating material, is placed on the supporting subfloor. The upwardly projecting elements are uniformly distributed over the rectangular or square carrier plate. The heating tubes are maintained clamped between said elements, so that they do not change their positions when the paste-like composition floor is poured on. According to the concept of the floating composition floor, the thickness of the latter has to be dimensioned in such a way that the composition floor forms an inherently load-carrying floor plate. For assuring adequate load-carrying capacity it is recommended for this reason also in German ATV-DIN 18353 that the mortar covering above the projecting elements has a thickness of at least 45 mm. However, for floors subjected to higher loads it is recommended that the minimum thickness of the composition floor be increased. If cement composition floors are to be installed, it is necessary, furthermore, to reinforced such composition floors.
Based on the covering proposed by the above standard, the composition floors installed in the sector of residential construction work have a minimum overall thickness of 45 mm plus the diameter of the heating tubes. If such diameter comes to 18 mm, the total thickness of the composition floor amounts to 63 mm.
Mortars set with mineral agents, for example the composition floors addressed above, set with a certain loss of volume. The different water release properties and temperature influences acting on the top and bottom sides of the mortar layer lead to different changes in length when the mortar layer sets, with the result that the mortar bulges.
However, bulging of the mortar layer occurs particularly also if different moisture contents are contained in the installed mortar layer, for example when a higher content of moisture is present in the lower, deeper zone of the mortar layer than in the zone on top, which is close to the floor covering. This then leads to typical concave/convex deformation. If the mortar layer is covered with a rigid floor covering material, this leads to shear-off of the covering or to cracking.
Bulging of the mortar plate is unavoidable especially when floor heating tubes are installed. In the lower zone of the mortar layer adjoining the carrier plate, the temperature amounts to, for example about 40.degree. C. because of its direct contact with the heating tubes. However, as only a temperature of about 25.degree. C. is dissipated into the room on top of the floor covering, a temperature gradient of 15.degree. C. develops within the layer of mortar. When heating up, the lower regions of the mortar layer will therefore thermally expand to a distinctly higher degree than the upper zones of the mortar disposed close to the floor covering. With average room sizes of 18 to 20 square meters, bulging caused in this manner may be in the order of magnitude of up to 15 mm in height measured along the edges of the floor plate, with destruction of the marginal joint termin
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patent: 560137 (1896-05-01), Knoche
patent: 584875 (1897-06-01), Jameton
patent: 1921081 (1933-08-01), Heltzel
patent: 2695513 (1954-11-01), Williams
patent: 3956864 (1976-05-01), Fung
patent: 4588125 (1986-05-01), Lutz
patent: 4945697 (1990-08-01), Ott et al.
Chavez Patrick J.
Friedman Carl D.
Schluter-Systems GmbH
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