Commutator winding end supports for electric machines

Details Commutator winding end supports for electric machines Commutator winding end supports for electric machines

1987-04-28

1988-11-22

Salce, Patrick R.

Electrical generator or motor structure

Dynamoelectric

Rotary

310 71, H02K 1304

Patent

active

047868350

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
STATE OF THE ART

The invention is based on a commutator for electric machines. Commutators of this type typically have relatively wide slots between the segments and require terminal lugs on the segments, in which the winding ends are received laterally, that is, in the circumferential direction of the commutator, in a reliably guided manner, for instance being welded to the segments.
The terminal lugs are also required for receiving and supporting a binding for the armature end windings to increase the resistance to centrifugal force.
These known commutators can still be manufactured relatively economically by extrusion, but a disadvantage is that this can be done only as long as the volume of the material--preferably copper--is distributed substantially uniformly over the entire length of the segments, including the terminal lugs, and above all as long as the slot width does not fall below a predetermined minimum value.
The known commutators can also be manufactured as rolled commutators. Rolled commutators can be manufactured substantially more economically than corresponding extruded versions. Also, the slots between the segments can be embodied more narrowly here. However, in rolled commutators, the segments of which are produced from a copper strip having the profile of the segment cross section, it is a disadvantage that the terminal lugs cannot be integrally connected with sufficient length to reliably secure the winding ends to them and to receive the binding for the armature end windings. The terminal lugs are therefore secured as separately manufactured parts to the segments. This makes the manufacture of rolled commutators also expensive.


OBJECT, ATTAINMENT AND ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION

The invention accordingly has the object of providing an economical commutator for electric machines, which is provided with relatively narrow insulating slots between the segments and with long terminal lugs, which do not hinder the reliable binding of the winding ends to the segments, and in which the existing volume of the material making up the segments is disposed to an increased extent in the area of the brush running surface, to reinforce the resistance to centrifugal force and/or to increase the thermal storage capacity.
For attaining this object, the provisions disclosed in the characterizing portion of the main claim are provided.
An advantage is that the part of the segments that forms the terminal lugs for receiving the winding ends is at least partly made of an insulating material, so that the commutator, for instance as a rolled commutator or as a ring-armored molded commutator, can be economically embodied with narrow slots between the segments and with maximally short terminal lugs. The widened webs of insulating material assume the functions of the terminal lugs, such as receiving the winding ends and fixing the winding ends in the securing position and while they are being secured to the segments.
Advantageous further developments of the commutator disclosed in the main claim are possible by means of the provisions recited in the dependent claims. A particular advantage is the increased resistance to centrifugal force of the commutator, because the segments have less copper, and thus less of the heavier material composition, in the terminal region of the winding ends. A further advantage is that the widened webs can also perform the support function for the binding for the end windings to be mounted later. The widened webs of insulating material are also suitable as extensions of the terminal lugs in extruded commutators, with a slot width that can still be produced in an economical manner. Examples of suitable insulating material that is advantageously capable of assuming so many functions in the commutator include phenol resin, melamine phenol or epoxy resin molding materials, which may also be reinforced with fiber materials. Melamine phenol molding materials are suitable because of their adhesive action with copper, particularly in extruded commutators having relatively small anchorin

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patent: 550407 (1895-11-01), Dice
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patent: 3251120 (1966-05-01), Reisnecker
patent: 4376254 (1983-03-01), Hellmann
patent: 4437030 (1984-03-01), Coquillart
patent: 4559464 (1985-12-01), Stokes
patent: 4638202 (1987-01-01), Ebner

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