Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – Cooperating comminuting surfaces
Patent
1998-05-12
1999-11-30
Rosenbaum, Mark
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
Cooperating comminuting surfaces
241243, B02C 1816
Patent
active
059927771
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a machine of the kind which serves the purpose of comminution for example domestic garbage tires, furniture, carpets, mattresses, stubs, demolition timber and similar materials, and which comprises a funnel for accommodating the waste, a cutting table placed at the bottom of the funnel with at least one set of fixed, parallel lower knives, which mutually are separated by openings through the table, at least one rotatable axle of a drive unit, which axle is placed above the cutting table into a direction, which extends perpendicular to the lower knives, and a number of disc-shaped upper knives fixed to the axle, each of which knives is provided with a number of teeth and partly extends down into each their opening of the table, whereby each opening is wider than the associated upper knife which furthermore is placed close to one of the lower knifes in the associated opening.
The above named materials often have a considerable size and will therefore have to be split up into smaller pieces, that is, comminuted in order not to take up unnecessary space during transportation and by depositing or composting. The same applies for the materials which are to be recycled, e.g. larger plastic parts from scraped cars. Materials which are to be burned will equally have to be comminuted in order to make it possible in practice to handle the materials in a modern combustion plant and obtain a satisfactory combustion.
From the applicant's Danish Patent No. 169378, which is incorporated in the present application as a reference, a machine for comminution of such materials is known. This machine has two upper knives, and the cutting table with the lower knives is extending horizontally somewhat below the axles. The openings of the cutting table are wider than the upper knives, and each upper knife is placed close to one of the lower knives in the associated opening. Thereby a free part of the opening is left between the upper knife and the second one of the lower knives of the opening.
When the machine is operating, and a piece of a material has been seized by the teeth of one of the rotating upper knives, the piece of material is pressed down towards the two lower knives in the opening and is stressed to cutting by especially the lower knife abutting the upper knife. At the same time, however, the piece of material is stressed to be deformed by bending and breaking or tearing since the piece of material freely spans the opening between the two knives.
Due to the configuration of the machine with the cutting table situated below the axles, a cylinder surface, containing a periphery of an upper knife, will intersect a plane, which contains the associated lower knives, in an acute angle, which forms the angle of action of the teeth in relation to the lower knives.
This acute angle of action results in the fact that the teeth are stressed by tangential as well as radial forces. The reaction from the radial forces do not contribute or contribute only to a smaller degree to the comminution of the material, since it mainly are the flanks of the teeth which transfer the radially directed forces to the material, and not their points.
The radial forces stress the teeth to bending, and the teeth will therefore have to be dimensioned for being able to absorb this unfavourable stress of forces, even if the useful effect from the radial forces thereby obtained otherwise is limited. The other components of the machine, such as axles and bearings, will have to be dimensioned for absorbing the radial forces, and therefore, the whole machine will have to be over-dimensioned as compared to the output it in reality is able to provide.
Even if the work which the radial forces are carrying out, when the machine is operating, such only to a smaller degree will be able to contribute to the comminution of the material, the work will nevertheless require supply of energy, which, however, to a large degree will be wasted. The machine will therefore operate with a rather low useful effect.
The tangential stress of forces of th
REFERENCES:
patent: 519629 (1894-05-01), Haygood et al.
patent: 4394983 (1983-07-01), Ulsky
patent: 4489896 (1984-12-01), Cerroni
patent: 4600158 (1986-07-01), Matoba
patent: 4678126 (1987-07-01), Prentice et al.
patent: 5201475 (1993-04-01), Nakagomi
Niro Separation A/S
Rosenbaum Mark
LandOfFree
Communication machine does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Communication machine, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Communication machine will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-1662057