Solid material comminution or disintegration – Apparatus – With automatic control
Patent
1996-07-18
1997-06-17
Husar, John M.
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Apparatus
With automatic control
241 34, 241 36, 241 375, 241243, B02C 1806, B02C 1840, B02C 2500
Patent
active
056390327
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a comminuting unit.
Comminuting units of this kind, such as are described in DE 90 03 477 U for example are widely used in practice for comminuting waste timber. In them the comminuting cylinder is driven by the cylinder drive at typically 80 rpm via a stepdown gear. These comminuting tools are distinguished by good uniformity of the comminuted material and low noise emission. They have only limited suitability for use with plastics waste materials, however.
The object of the invention is to develop a comminuting unit in such a way that it is also suitable for use with plastics waste and other tough waste materials.
This object is achieved by a comminuting unit according to the invention by means of
The comminuting unit according to the invention operates at a rotational speed of the comminuting cylinder of the order of 200 to 1000 rpm, which is high compared with the known comminuting units. With a design of the cylinder drive of this kind the comminuting cylinder, whose knife bodies are in practice long strips which cooperate with counter-knives which are also strip-shaped, would not start if only one fairly large piece of waste had moved between a knife body and a counter-knife if the comminuting cylinder was slowly running down after the machine had been switched off. Such operating conditions are avoided in the comminuting unit according to the invention since a cover plate is provided above the comminuting cylinder, which cover plate is initially moved positively by the control unit of the comminuting unit into a closed position which covers the comminuting cylinder completely with respect to the hopper for the material to be comminuted before the comminuting cylinder comes to a stop.
With the development of the invention the loads of the comminuting cylinder are substantially kept constant including in continuous operation.
In a comminuting unit of the invention, those parts of the cover plate which are located above the comminuting cylinder form a sliding surface leading to the knife engagement region.
The development of the invention is of advantage in respect of a tilt-free and hence jam-free movement of cover plates, including ones with large lateral dimensions, under the load of material to be comminuted resting thereon.
With the development of the invention a particularly favourable feed of the material to be comminuted to the first knife engagement region is guaranteed.
The invention is described below with the aid of an embodiment, with reference to the drawing.
The single illustration shows a diagrammatic vertical longitudinal central section through a comminuting unit particularly suitable for plastics waste, in which different drives and an associated control unit are also shown in diagrammatic form.
The comminuting unit shown in the drawing has a housing, denoted overall by 10, which is welded together from thick, suitably edged steel sheet components.
A comminuting cylinder denoted overall by 14 is mounted on side walls 12 of the housing by means of bearings which are not shown. This cylinder has strip-shaped knife bodies 16, 18 which cooperate with counter-knives 19, 20 which are also strip-shaped and are fixed to the housing.
Above the comminuting cylinder 14 a cover plate 22 is guided on a path on the housing 10 which leads from an end wall 24 of the housing on the left-hand side of the drawing over the comminuting cylinder 14 at a downwards slant to a step 26 in a base wall 28 of the housing.
Lower guide strips 30 provided at its lateral edges and upper guide strips 32 which are permanently welded to the side walls 12 provide the guide of the cover plate 22.
At its lateral edges in each case the underside of the cover plate 22 carries a toothed rack 34 with which a pinion 36 engages. The two pinions 36 are rigidly coupled by means of a shaft 38 on which a cover drive 40 engages. The instantaneous position of the cover plate 22 is determined by a position sensor 42 which is also mechanically coupled to the shaft 38. In its place, several limit switches distri
REFERENCES:
patent: 4043514 (1977-08-01), Peterson, Jr.
patent: 4200243 (1980-04-01), Peterson, Jr.
patent: 4844363 (1989-07-01), Garnier et al.
patent: 5035367 (1991-07-01), Nojima
patent: 5205495 (1993-04-01), Garnier
Husar John M.
Weima Apparatebau GmbH
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