Combustion – Process of combustion or burner operation – Flame shaping – or distributing components in combustion zone
Patent
1986-01-03
1987-09-22
Focarino, Margaret A.
Combustion
Process of combustion or burner operation
Flame shaping, or distributing components in combustion zone
431354, 239404, 239406, F23M 300
Patent
active
046952454
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
The invention starts out from a process for generating a sootless flame in pressure atomizer burners producing an oil atomizing cone, and/or a burner tip of an oil burner, in particular for carrying out the process of the present invention, according to the species described in claim 4.
Until recently, one of the main problems in generating sootless flames lay in the difficulty to keep the flames, in spite of the required high air velocities and the high atomizing pressure, sufficiently short to obtain the at least fairly uniform surface loading required for satisfactory efficiency.
There have been known a process for generating a short sootless flame (German Patent Document No. 32 28 452.7) and a burner tip of an oil burner, in particular for carrying out the said process, in which a richer air/oil mixture for a luminous flame is achieved by a first air current catching the oil atomizing cone and in which a second whirled air current is introduced transversely to the said first air current in order to shorten the flame and burn any residual unburnt particles. The yellow portion permits optical monitoring of this flame. However, it has been found in practice that in firing equipment with low flue gas temperatures it is desirable that the fired boiler walls should be heated as uniformly as possible, a requirement which can be fulfilled to a very limited degree only by the known processes and burner tips. In particular, the relation between the yellow flame and the amount of secondary air introduced for producing a blue flame is confined to very close tolerance limits. In the case of blue flames and flame monitoring by the ionization principle, an ionizable gas mixture must occur in the area of the monitoring sensor. A gas flame is capable of conducting current, producing at the same time a rectifier effect, so that an alternating current applied may be transformed into a direct current over the gas flame or the ionization mixture. In the case of the known long blue flames it is therefore necessary to arrange the ionization electrodes or the electrode at a point where ionization is always guaranteed, i.e. in the case of the long flames at a point relatively far away from the oil nozzle.
It is a substantial problem of the known oil burners operating with a blue flame that the before-described processes necessary for generating the blue flame favor the so-called breaking of the flame which causes the burner to indicate a fault condition.
Another considerable disadvantage of the known oil burners consists in the fact that the attempt to make the flame as short as possible and, in addition, to achieve additional heat accumulation for improved air preparation by the use of ceramic tubes, leads to coking effects at the oil burner nozzle due to which the atomizing cone or even the atomizing orifice may be deformed in an adverse manner.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Now, it is the object of the present invention to provide a combustion process and/or a burner tip for carrying out the said process, in which the geometry of the flame can be adapted to the firing space to obtain improved efficiency, in which no coking effects are obtained in the nozzle area and which can be supplied as simple compact unit for oil burners of different types.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the main claim and of claim 4 which offer the advantage that the geometrical dimensions of the flame can be fully varied by extremely simple means, i.e. by changing the air volume entering through the cylindrical wall and/or the bottom of the flame bowl, without thereby impairing the combustion quality. The particular way in which the air enters at the bottom of the flame bowl prevents any coking in the nozzle area and this the more as additional heat accumulation means are rendered superfluous through the particular way in which the air is whirled. Due to the fact that the flame is retracted through the entry of air into the bowl, without the bowl wall being overheate
REFERENCES:
patent: 3007515 (1961-11-01), Furdock
patent: 3852022 (1974-12-01), Medeot et al.
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