Combustion – Fuel disperser installed in furnace – Disperser feeds into permeable mass – e.g. – checkerwork – etc.
Patent
1994-05-17
1996-10-29
Price, Carl D.
Combustion
Fuel disperser installed in furnace
Disperser feeds into permeable mass, e.g., checkerwork, etc.
431 7, 431 5, 431215, 422175, 422177, 422206, 422211, 165 4, F23G 706
Patent
active
055690319
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The subject invention concerns a combustion device incorporated in an apparatus for combustion and/or decomposition of pollutants in gaseous form, in the form of droplets or other particles that are carried by the air or other gases. The combustion device has a stationary bed of sand, rock or other materials having heat-accumulating and heat-exchanging properties, and means for heating a central part of said bed to the self-decomposition and/or the self-combustion temperature of the medium to be treated. The combustion device is of the type known as regenerative and is arranged to receive flows of said pollutants alternately from different directions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In order to decompose pollutants through combustion in a device known as a combustion exchanger (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,741,690), a structure having one upper and one lower air distributing duct is often used. The polluted air passes through the layer of bed material positioned between said ducts, and the bed material often consists of sand which has been pre-heated to an elevated temperature of about 1000.degree. C.
The capacity expressed as quantity of air flow per time unit is determined by the parameters pressure drop and temperature of the bed. The pressure drop is a function of the thickness of the bed, the composition of the material of the bed, the surface structure, the granular size and the compaction degree of the material of the bed, and so on. To obtain a satisfactory degree of purification, expressed as the proportion of pollutants remaining in the exhaust in relation to the amount of pollutants in the incoming gas, a certain dwelling time in the hot zone is required. Each bed layer therefore provides a specific degree of purification for a given flow capacity, depending on the composition and thickness of the bed material. When the velocity of the air passing through the bed is high, the pressure drop becomes considerable. The area of the bed in a combustion exchanger therefore determines the dimensions of the total flow.
Because of the restrictions laid down by the road traffic rules and regulations concerning transports, units manufactured in one place for installation elsewhere, must not exceed certain limits as to their area and as a result they have a restricted flow capacity.
If the combustion exchanging technology is to be used to treat flows larger than those for which the largest units allowable on public roads are intended, larger units, built in situ, may be used as an alternative to prefabricated units. This alternative provides economical advantages as the costs per flow unit become smaller.
Large flows require large bed areas. In one combustion exchanger of conventional construction the polluted air is distributed across a horizontal bed area through an air gap above and below the bed area.
In large-size plants, this construction embodying an air gap would necessitate large spans in the structure forming the roof of the sealed air gap.
Large spans in roofs that are exposed to positive or negative pressures necessitate complicated and thus expensive structures. In addition, the air gap underneath the bed also is a complication in large installations from a maintenance point of view.
PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the invention is to considerably reduce the above problems by providing a combustion exchanger designed in such a manner that the air gap above and underneath the bed becomes superfluous. As a result, the bed material may be deposited directly on a hard support and the roof structure may be supported by the bed material on the upper face thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above purpose is achieved in a combustion device in accordance with the invention, possessing the characteristics set forth in the appended claims.
The combustion device in accordance with the invention thus is essentially characterized in that the air to and from the bed is distributed in the bed material by means of horizontal, perforated tubes which extend for instance in p
REFERENCES:
patent: 2078948 (1937-05-01), Houdry
patent: 2078950 (1937-05-01), Houdry
patent: 2421744 (1947-06-01), Daniels et al.
patent: 2642338 (1953-06-01), Pike
patent: 4741690 (1988-05-01), Heed
patent: 5024817 (1991-06-01), Mattison
patent: 5422077 (1995-06-01), Bayer
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