Power plants – Combustion products used as motive fluid – With addition of steam and/or water
Reexamination Certificate
1998-12-16
2001-07-24
Kim, Ted (Department: 3746)
Power plants
Combustion products used as motive fluid
With addition of steam and/or water
C060S039580, C060S730000, C074SDIG004
Reexamination Certificate
active
06263664
ABSTRACT:
This application is the national stage of International Application PCT/JP97/02250 filed Jun. 27, 1997.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a combined steam and gas turbine engine. More particularly, to a gas turbine engine combustion chamber having a helical welded structure heat exchanger on an outside surface thereof for cooling the combustion chamber with water and thereby raise the combustion gas pressure higher than a conventional turbine combustion chamber and further enlarge the dimensions of the combustion chamber for increasing the fuel supply means three times as much. Further, the invention relates to a combined steam and gas turbine engine in which inside of the combustion chamber, a steam heater is disposed and the combustion gas drives a gas turbine and the steam drives a steam turbine. The invention also relates to a combined steam and gas turbine system having a magnetic friction power transmission system which allows an internal axis and an outside axis to rotate in an opposite direction at a predetermined ratio and the power is transmitted through the internal axis or the outside axis to loads.
PRIOR ARTS
A combined steam and gas turbine engine is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid Open Sho 50-89737, in which a supercritical heat exchanger or a heat recovery system is disposed inside the high temperature area of the gas turbine combustion chamber, thereby raising the temperature of the steam temperature of the steam turbine cycle and consequently increasing the efficiency of the combined system.
Japanese Laid Open Sho 52-186248 discloses a system in which an exhaust gas of the gas turbine is recovered and utilized as a heat source for a steam boiler, thereby reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas and raising the thermal efficiency of the system.
These prior arts were intended to increase the thermal efficiency of the super-critical steam boiler cycle and not increase the gas pressure and specific power ratio spontaneously or increase the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine engine.
The inventors of this application filed several patent applications for the improved gas turbine engines as Japanese Patent applications Hei6-330862, Hei7-145074, Hei7-335595, Hei8-41998, Hei8-80407, Hei8-143391, Hei8-204049, and Hei8-272806.
Basic factors of the Brayton cycle engine, for instance a turbine engine, are the thermal efficiency (operating pressure ratio) and the specific power. The higher the thermal efficiency, the higher the specific power ratio. Therefore, if the thermal efficiency is constant, the output power is dependent on the heat supplied to the system. The operating pressure ratio and the specific power are limited by the heat durability of the turbine system. To maximize the operating pressure ratio and the heat supplied to the system within the heat durability of the system, most of the heat supplied to the system should be converted to super-critical steam which is utilized in the other systems, such as the steam turbine engine, thereby increasing the value of “thermal efficiency”דspecific power”=“operating pressure ratio”דcombustion gas mass flow”.
A burden for increasing the operating pressure ratio and the specific power is that the heat durability temperature limits the full use of the thermal energy generated from the fuel. The inventor of this application discovered an effective use of the thermal energy of the fuel. The objective of this invention is to increase the thermal efficiency and the specific power of the system by reducing part of the heat generated from the fuel utilized by the gas turbine engine. The combined steam and gas turbine engine of this application comprises a gas turbine combustion chamber which has a long dimension and wide heat exchange area used as a heat exchanger, and the thermal energy generated from the fuel is converted to super-critical steam, which is used in other systems to increase the operating pressure ratio and the specific power within the heat durability temperature of the system. For instance, the fuel gas mass is increased four times as much as the theoretical air to fuel ratio.
A gas turbine combustion chamber having a long dimension and operating at a high pressure condition, also works as a heat exchanger having a wide heat exchange area, thereby the thermal efficiency of the system increases as the operating pressure ratio becomes high and a further high temperature is obtained from the thermal energy generated from the same amount of fuel as the operating pressure ratio is high.
When the inlet gas temperature of the gas turbine engine is about 700° C. to 1000° C., the heat exchange rate becomes high. Therefore, the area for the heat exchange may be decreased, and the thermal efficiency becomes high because the exhaust heat loss becomes low. The combined steam and gas turbine engine of this invention utilizes the thermal energy of the fuel at its maximum rate.
The objective of this invention is to provide a combined steam and gas turbine engine applicable to a variety of fields.
The other objective of this invention is to provide a magnetic friction power transmission system for decreasing the energy losses, and to provide a turbine engine with full dynamic turbine blades for decreasing the thermal energy loss.
A further objective of this invention is to provide a power generating system having a plurality of power units and batteries.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
A combined steam and gas engine will now be explained.
A combustion gas as a working gas of the gas turbine engine, in general, contains a large amount of air, four times as much as the theoretical air to fuel ratio. the dimensions of the gas turbine combustion chamber will be long enough to provide the fuel supply means four times as much as a conventional one.
The combustion chamber has a helical welded structure heat exchanger outside surface thereof for cooling the combustion chamber with water and raising the combustion gas pressure higher than the conventional turbine and further enlarging the dimensions of the heat exchange area of the heat exchanger.
A helical water cooling pipe and a steam pipe are located inside the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, and the pipes are welded to the surface of the combustion chamber to operate at high pressure.
As the inlet gas temperature of the gas turbine engine is lowered under the heat durability temperature of the system by the cooling system described above, the compressed air contains a theoretical ratio of the fuel and air, so that the fuel mass will be increased 4 times as much as a conventional system.
A steam turbine engine operating at a high temperature and pressure may be added to the system so that the combustion may be conducted at theoretical combustion conditions. The gas turbine engine and a steam turbine engine are combined so that the thermal efficiency of the system may become 60 to 80%.
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Tanigawa Hiroyasu
Tanigawa Kazunaga
Flynn ,Thiel, Boutell & Tanis, P.C.
Kim Ted
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