Power plants – Combustion products used as motive fluid – Multiple fluid-operated motors
Patent
1994-08-11
1995-12-12
Thorpe, Timothy S.
Power plants
Combustion products used as motive fluid
Multiple fluid-operated motors
60 3941, F22B 700
Patent
active
054738849
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention concerns a combined heat and power apparatus, and more particularly such an apparatus in which part of the heat needed is provided by hot exhaust gases emerging from a small gas turbine.
According to the invention a combined heat and power apparatus comprises a gas turbine driving electrical power generating means, a boiler comprising heating gases passage means to receive and convey hot heating gases therethrough whereby heat exchange takes place between said heating gases and water in the boiler to raise the temperature of said water, characterised in that the gas turbine has a power output which does not exceed 0.5 Megawatts, said gas turbine is mounted on said boiler at an inlet end of said passage means so that hot products of combustion constituting exhaust gases from the gas turbine are fed substantially directly from a gas turbine exhaust gas outlet end into said inlet end of said heating gases passage means so that heating gases comprise at least in part said exhaust gases when the gas turbine is operating, fuel gas burner means is disposed in said heating gases passage means at or adjacent to said inlet end thereof, and exhaust means is provided to create a pressure drop along said heating gases passage means towards an outlet end of said heating gases passage means to draw the heating gases towards the outlet end of the heating gases passage means.
The boiler can be a steam boiler for raising steam, or the boiler may be simply a hot water boiler to produce hot water.
The gas turbine and the burner means each have a respective maximum heat energy output, and the maximum heat energy output of the burner means can be greater than the maximum heat energy output of the gas turbine.
The boiler may be a shell boiler having a shell or casing which acts as a tank for water to be heated and contains said heating gases passage means. The boiler may comprise a front plate, and the gas turbine may be mounted on said front plate.
The gas turbine may be operational so that its power output can be selectively varied between a maximum and a minimum, and the burner means may be provided with fuel gas supply means by which the supply of fuel gas to the burner means can be selectively varied between zero and a maximum.
The invention will now be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows diagramatically, in section, an embodiment of an apparatus formed according to the invention, and
FIG. 2 is a graphic representation showing an envelope of operation of apparatus formed according to the invention, in terms of variation in power output of the gas turbine plotted against variation in heat input to the boiler.
With reference to FIG. 1 a shell boiler 2 intended for raising steam has an outer shell or casing 4 which acts as a tank for water 6 which comes up to water level 8. The boiler 2 comprises an horizontal furnace tube 10. A rear end of the furnace tube 10 opens into a compartment or combustion chamber 12 having a front wall 14 supporting a set of rear ends of a plurality of horizontal pass tubes 16 opening into the combustion chamber 12. Front ends of the tubes 16 are supported by a front tube plate 18, forming a front plate or wall of the casing 4, on which front tube plate is mounted a compartment or transfer box 20 into which the front ends of the tubes 16 open. Another plurality of horizontal pass tubes 22 has a front set of ends opening into the transfer box 20 and supported by the front tube plate 18 and has a rear set of ends supported by a rear wall plate 24 of the casing 4. Those rear ends of the tubes 22 open into an enclosure 26 mounted on the casing 4. Thus there is a first group of pass tubes 16 and a second group of pass tubes 22, and each pass tube has an internal diameter (or cross-sectional area) which is much less than the internal diameter (or cross-sectional area) of the furnace tube 10. The enclosure 26 comprises a smoke box 28 and a stack or flue 30. At front end 32 the furnace tube 10 is open and coincides with an op
Greenhalgh Alan
Sutton Jeffrey A.
British Gas plc
Thorpe Timothy S.
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