Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Having -c- – wherein x is chalcogen – bonded directly to...
Patent
1991-05-31
1995-02-14
Robinson, Allen J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Having -c-, wherein x is chalcogen, bonded directly to...
514521, A01N 4328
Patent
active
053896629
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a national phase application of PCT/HU90/00055 filed 30 Jul. 1990 and based upon a Hungarian national application 3913/89 under the International Convention.
This invention relates to novel combined compositions for combatting plant, animal and sanitarian as well as forestry, horticultural and warehouse pests, which contain a pyrethroid-type insecticide as an insecticidally active ingredient and at least one fungicide inhibiting the ergosterol biosynthesis, optionally piperonylbutoxide as an activity-strengthening agent and other additives.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In recent years, the most recently developed class of active agents, i.e. pyrethroids have continuously increased in importance. However, some undesired side effects were also observed during their intense utilization. Due to their contact mode of action, they kill not only the arthropods damaging cultivated plants but frequently the useful entomophages, consuming the arthropods. By decreasing the number of the natural enemies, the rate of repeated multiplication of the pests is enhanced, which may influence the specific use of agents, too. In extreme cases, the excessive and unadvised use of the agents may lead to such a decrease in the number of useful entomophages that, due to the lack of regulation, the agriculturally indifferent arthropods, playing an unimportant role in fauna, may become so-called "man-made" pests (A. W. A. Brown: "Ecology of Pesticides", Wiley-Sons, 1978).
Another problem is connected with the strongly specific action mechanism of pyrethroids causing a higher risk of the development of resistance than is the case with the traditional agents.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is based on the surprising discovery that fungicides inhibiting biosynthesis of ergosterol, which are used both as medicines and plant-protective agents, are capable of extraordinarily increasing the insecticidal efficiency of pyrethroids.
Ergosterol is an indispensable constituent of the fungal cell membrane. When the biosynthesis of ergosterol is blocked by any inhibitor, the fungus will be destroyed due to the lack of ergosterol, possibly an effect of the precursors accumulated.
Each of the compounds inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, known to the present, acts on the intermediate reactions of enzymatic processes playing a role in the transformation of lanosterol to ergosterol ("The Biochemical Mode of Action", eds. J. R. Corbett, K. Wright and A. C. Baillie, Academic Press, London, pages 256-268, 1984). These processes catalyzed by the cytochrome P-450 system of fungi are characterized by a high degree of substrate- and species-specifity [Pestic. Sci. 15, 133 (1984)]. On the one hand, this led to the description of selectively utilizable pathogen-specific inhibitors and on the other hand, this led to the recognition that the effect of the individual inhibitors on various species cannot be predicted "Fungicide Chemistry: Advances and Practical Applications", eds. M. B. Green and D. A. Spilker, ACS Symposium Series, pages 25 to 51, 1986). The diversity appearing in the species-specificity of inhibitors is characteristic of the whole living world [Biochimie 69, 743 (1987)].
It is known that the azole-type fungicides inhibiting the ergosterol biosynthesis (azaconazole, penconazole, propiconazole, imazalil, myconazole, clotrimazole, bifenazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole) inhibit only the functioning of the fungal microsomal cytochrome P-450 system and practically have no effect on that of plants of higher order and on that of mammals [Pestic. Sci. 21, 289 (1987)]. The effect of inhibitors of the ergosterol biosynthesis is so highly specific that they have no influence on the activity of microsomal oxidases containing another cytochrome P-450 component ["Plant-Pathogenic Fungi" (in Hungarian), ed. L. Vajna, Mezogazdasagi Konyvkiado, page 119, Budapest 1987].
Characteristically, in opposition to diterpenes and monoterpenes, triterpenes (stigmastero
REFERENCES:
patent: 5013746 (1991-05-01), Van Gestel
Journal of Chemical Ecology, vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 423-436 (1987).
Pestic. Sci. 1984, vol. 15, pp. 133-155 Mercer.
Pestic. Sci. 1987, vol. 21, pp. 289-306 Bosche et al.
M. B. Green and D. A. Spilker, ACS Symposium Series, pp. 25-51 (1986).
The Biochemical Mode of Action, eds. J. R. Corbett, K. Wright and A. C. Baillie, pp. 256-268 (1984).
Plant Pathogenic Fungi (in Hungarian) L. Vajna, pp. 118-119 (1987).
Nagy Lajos
Novak Lajos
Pap Laszlo
Poppe Laszlo
Somfai Eva
Burn Brian M.
Chinoin Gyogyszer Es Vegyeszeti Termekek Gyar Rt.
Dubno Herbert
Myers Jonathan
Robinson Allen J.
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