Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
Patent
1998-06-17
1999-11-16
Merriam, Andrew E. C.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
At least one aryl ring which is part of a fused or bridged...
523200, 524317, 524376, 524542, 524592, C09D 1700, C08L 5100
Patent
active
059859873
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Paint products can be tinted by adding to them highly coloured tinting paints or, with respect to pigmentation, even more concentrated colourants (=colourant pastes). Tinting is carried out in ready-made paint products, white or coloured, called base paints. The colour and opacity of base paints depends on the amount of pigments, white pigments in particular. Base paints may be replaced by base lacquers/varnishes.
Tinting paints are normally product-specific, i.e. they are produced separately for each paint type to be tinted.The number of pigments, colours and kinds of paints is limited.
Concentrated colourant pastes can be used as a part of tinting systems. These systems permit the tinting of a broad range of various types of paint products with one series of colourants. The amount of work, number of ready products and need for storage space will be reduced, at the paint plant and distribution outlets which improves and speeds up the service.
The system involves tinting machines located at various points of the distribution chain. In a paint plant tinting takes place in relatively large batches ("in-plant"), very often according to orders received. Base paints which are delivered to the distribution warehouses and points of sale, are usually tinted directly in sales packings ("in-can").
In the latest tinting systems tinting formulae are recorded in the memory of a PC (a formula databank). The machine dispenses automatically the correct mixing proportions of colourants into the base paint according to the preselected formula. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed in a shaker and the tinted paint is ready for use. Depending on the number of colours desired, 1-10 base paints per each paint type and 5-40 colourants per one tinting system are required.
The paint products are mostly tinted in shades given as code numbers on manufacturer's own colour cards or on those colour cards based on national or international shade standards (RAL, BS, NCS etc.). It is also possible to connect the tinting machine to a colour matching system which enables tinting according to a colour sample. The number of shades is then practically infinite.
It is recommendable to use tinting systems (containing base paints, colourants, the dispensing and mixing system and software for processing colours) always when it is possible. This helps to reduce stocks, minimize costs, ensure quality and improve customer service. Some base paints, especially white bases, are sold in large amounts also untinted.
Colourants in general comprise a pigment component and a liquid medium into which the pigments are dispersed. The dispersion medium consists of at least one diluent, which is an organic solvent or water, and of a binder and/or dispersing/wetting agent. In addition to a dispersing agent, also other additives may be used.
Pigments are first mixed with the dispersion medium. Dispersion of pigments has been shown to occur in three stages: aggregates) agglomerates and aggregates.
Dispersion is carried out using equipment the performance of which is based on high shear, impact and/or cavitation forces. Various types of dispersion equipment based on batch or continuous operation may be used; impact, ball, pebble, sand, bead, roller, or colloid mills; attritors, turbo mixers, high-speed disk dispersers etc. The dispersion of pigments often depends more on the process conditions and type of equipment than on the total energy input in the dispersion process.
Dispersion medium, on the other hand, plays a major role in a dispersion process. The medium should be able to wet and stabilize pigments well and be compatible with various types of paints.
In the wetting phase the liquid dispersion medium first displaces air in the pores and on the surface of pigment agglomerates and aggregates. Factors affecting the wetting ability include for example interfacial tension on the pigment/liquid surface, angle of contact and viscosity of the liquid. For effective wetting, these values should all be low.
Through electrostatic and/or steri
REFERENCES:
patent: 3385808 (1968-05-01), Von Bonin
patent: 5074887 (1991-12-01), Koci
Schofield, John D., "Polymeric Dispersants", Handbook of Coartings Additives, Ed. L.J. Calbo, Marcel Dekker, vol. 2, pp. 71-104, (1992).
Katti, Dhirendra, et al., Printing Inks, Sep. 1993, "Cyclohexanone Based Ketonic Resins suitable for Ink Application", vol. 43, No. 9, pp. 15-20.
Chemical Abstracts, vol. 120 (1994), 325,953C--JP 05-320558.
Adolfsson Maj-Len Carita
Saloranta Arja Kaarina
Silander Maria Katarina
Varila Seija Anneli
Wikstedt Martti Vilhelm
Merriam Andrew E. C.
Tikkurila Cps Oy
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