Collector device for the primary pipes of an exhaust manifold

Details Collector device for the primary pipes of an exhaust manifold Collector device for the primary pipes of an exhaust manifold

1998-02-13

2000-03-21

Denion, Thomas E.

Power plants

Internal combustion engine with treatment or handling of...

Common receiver having inlets from plural cylinder

60313, F01N 710

Patent

active

060388552

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a collector for the primary pipes of an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine.
More particularly, the present invention relates to collectors for five-cylinder engines of turbocharged and normally-aspirated types.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A collector for the primary pipes of an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine is known from French Patent No. 2,378,178.
It is common practice to connect the exhaust ports of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine of light vehicles to a single exhaust system. This occurs by use of an exhaust manifold which is a single unit fitted to the face of the cylinder head comprising the exhaust ports. The exhaust manifold is normally a casting having a plurality of primary exhaust pipes each feeding into a connection point, for example through a grouping device which first groups together pairs of primary pipes. The grouping device then leads, by means of a single pipe, to a further grouping device and then into the exhaust pipe, possibly through a turbocharger. Such grouping devices are normally manufactured as castings.
These types of arrangements, particularly on five-cylinder engines, have proven to be difficult to design in a compact manner, unless pipe paths with reduced efficiency are adopted. Additionally, a further problem which is encountered when trying to group all of the primary pipes in a compact fashion is that of protecting each of the exhaust ports of the engine against compression waves from neighboring exhaust ports. This problem is worsened when the primary pipes have to be short, which would typically be the case for example when a turbocharger is fitted, or when a catalytic converter has to be located relatively close to the engine.
An object of the present invention is thus to provide a solution to the aforementioned problems such that a space-saving and yet efficient device can be achieved. In particular, the solution should be one which does not reduce performance characteristics of an engine to which the collector of the invention is fitted, and should even provide increased performance.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the present invention, this and other objects have now been realized by the invention of a collector for the primary pipes of an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine, the primary pipes leading exhaust gases directly from the cylinders of the engine, the collector comprising a common cavity and a plurality of the primary pipes, each of the plurality of primary pipes including an inlet end and an outlet end, the outlet ends of each of the primary pipes including an inner wall and outer wall and having a first cross-sectional area and an upstream location of the primary pipes having a second cross-sectional area, the first cross-sectional area being less than the second cross-sectional area, the outlet ends of the primary pipes being in direct contact with the common cavity of the collector, the plurality of pipes further arranged to include a single central pipe and the remainder of the plurality of pipes being spaced around the central pipe, the outlet end of the central pipe being formed substantially as a conically tapering portion, and the outer wall of the central pipe forming part of the inner wall of each of the remainder of the pipes.
In accordance with one embodiment of the collector of the present invention, each of the plurality of pipes is directed parallel to others of the plurality of pipes at its intersection with the common cavity, so as to allow substantially axial flow into the common cavity.
In accordance with another embodiment of the collector of the present invention, the cavity has a circular cross-section.
In accordance with another embodiment of the collector of the present invention, each of the plurality of pipes has a substantially constant cross-sectional area along at least 60% of its length, and preferably along at least 80% or more of its length.
In accordance with another embodiment of the col

REFERENCES:
patent: 3453824 (1969-07-01), Biesecker
patent: 3491534 (1970-01-01), Garner
patent: 4188784 (1980-02-01), Hall
patent: 4621494 (1986-11-01), Fujita
patent: 4796426 (1989-01-01), Feuling
patent: 5216883 (1993-06-01), Flugger

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