Dentistry – Prosthodontics – Tooth construction
Patent
1998-11-24
2000-03-14
Lucchesi, Nicholas D.
Dentistry
Prosthodontics
Tooth construction
433197, A61C 1308
Patent
active
060364920
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The efforts that have been made to simulate as closely as possible the wide variety of shapes of the natural teeth have led to a situation where the collections of artificial front teeth available on the market comprise a very large number of individual tooth shapes. This not only complicates matters in terms of manufacture and storage, but also makes selection difficult because of the profusion of different types. The categories chosen for these collections are also unsatisfactory. These are, on the one hand, categories based on the Kretschmer constitutional type classification which proposes correspondences between the tooth shape and the athletic, pyknic and leptosomic constitutional types, and, on the other hand, the association with geometric figures such as triangle, rectangle, shovel shape, square, oval, which are only to be found with difficulty in the multiplicity of shapes of natural teeth.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention creates a classification of a collection of artificial teeth, linked to certain tooth dimensions, which can be easily measured, but are also easy to evaluate by the trained eye.
The collection of artificial front teeth according to the invention comprises, in each important size class, three groups of shapes which differ in terms of the relationships of the mesiodistal widths of their vestibular surfaces in the cervical, central and incisal thirds of their length. In a cervically accentuated group, the mesiodistal widths are approximately identical in all the thirds. That is to say they differ from one another by not more than 10%, preferably 5%. In a centrally accentuated group, the width of the tooth in the central third is greater than in the two other thirds, and in particular it is greater than the width in the cervical third at least by the factor 1.15, preferably 1.2. In an incisally accentuated group, the width in the incisal third is greater than in the two other thirds, and in particular greater than the width in the cervical third by the factor 1.18, preferably 1.24.
The front teeth are the incisors and canines. With respect to the width measurement according to the invention, the vestibular surfaces are delimited by their margins. These can be visualized without difficulty. The border lines forming the basis of the width measurement are defined by the lines of greatest curvature (smallest radius of curvature in the horizontal sectional plane). The width is not to be measured linearly, but following the curved surface, and in particular along that line which connects by the shortest distance two points, each situated at the same height, of the two border lines.
The thirds are determined by dividing by three the length of the vestibular surfaces between the cutting edge and the cervical margin of the enamel measured along their mid-line. In each third, measurement is carried out at the area of greatest width. This may coincide with a border line of the third.
The invention relates exclusively to artificial teeth in the real sense, i.e. mechanically produced front teeth which imitate fully anatomically the shapes of the human front teeth and are used as replacements in edentulous areas of the jaw in the context of prosthetic replacement by total or partial prostheses and implant superstructures. It does not relate to crowns.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF A THE DRAWING
The invention is explained in greater detail below with reference to the drawing, in which:
FIG. 1 shows the vestibular surface of a tooth, showing the measurement points and the dividing lines, and
FIGS. 2 to 4 show three different types of teeth.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1, representing an upper incisor, shows the tooth neck 1, the cemento-enamel limit 2 of the enamel, the cutting edge 3 and the vestibular margins 4 which are defined by the lines of in each case the smallest radius of curvature in planes running perpendicular to the tooth axis. The line 5 represents the mid-line of the vestibular surface thus delimited. Its length between t
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patent: 4909738 (1990-03-01), Ai et al.
patent: 5639235 (1997-06-01), Lapointe et al.
Trubyte Bioblend Publication, 1961.
Trubyte Bioform Publication, 1958.
Dziuron Peter
Firla Markus
Lucchesi Nicholas D.
Zahnfabrik Werchan Dental GmbH
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