Electricity: measuring and testing – Particle precession resonance – Spectrometer components
Reexamination Certificate
1999-08-03
2001-05-22
Arana, Louis (Department: 2862)
Electricity: measuring and testing
Particle precession resonance
Spectrometer components
C324S319000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06236207
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a coil system for magnetic resonance systems which surrounds a substantially cylindrical examination volume, of the type having coil plies formed by the X-gradient coils arranged symmetrically relative to the YZ plane and spaced from one another, Y-coils arranged symmetrically relative to the XZ plane and spaced from one another and Z coils arranged symmetrically relative to the XY plane and spaced from one another, and that has indirect cooling by embedded cooling conduits through which a coolant flows.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In order to guarantee a maximally permitted temperature of a magnetic resonance coil system, it is necessary to eliminate the high dissipated electrical power that occur.
Direct cooling is employed for this purpose, but this is relatively complicated in structure and is often also very complicated and expensive to operate, wherein the electrical conductors of the coil windings are provided with internal cooling channels. Less efficient air cooling is also used, as disclosed, for example, in German OS 195 47 279. Given this indirect cooling, either the cooling conduits (see, for example, German OS 34 45 448 A1) are integrated into the interspaces of the conductor structures of a coil ply, or copper cooling coils are placed in serpentine fashion along the longitudinal direction between individual coil plies, or plastic hoses are helically wound between the coil plies (German OS 196 41 319). The effectiveness of this cooling is limited in both instances, since the heat to be eliminated from the source to the sink, i.e. from the warmest location to the layer of the cooling conduits, must penetrate all layers lying therebetween. In the case of the helically wound plastic hoses, the efficiency is even poorer than that of the flat copper tubes because of the thermal resistance of the plastic hoses.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention is to provide a coil system of the type initially described wherein an improved heat elimination close to the point of heat creation is possible with an indirect cooling.
For achieving this object, in accordance with the invention cooling conduits are integrated into the interspaces of the conductor structure of the coil plies for cooling the conductor structures in a coil ply lying therebelow and/or thereabove.
In known systems, for example, one cooling conductor layer is arranged around a coil system having three coil plies for the X, Y and Z coils arranged concentrically around one another, which allows the heat from the innermost coil ply to proceed to the cooling conductor level only by penetrating the two coil plies arranged thereabove, and thus only an extremely inefficient heat elimination is possible. The inventive cooling system, by contrast utilizes the fact that interspaces into which cooling conduits can be installed are present in the individual coil plies both between the two X and Y gradient coils, preferably fashioned as saddle coils, as well as between the spaced turns of the helical windings of the Z-gradient coils. The cooling conduits in these interspaces between, for example, two saddle coils of one coil ply, thus not only serve the purpose of cooling the conductor structures of this coil ply but also, since they lie directly planarly thereagainst, serve for cooling the conductor structures of the neighboring coil ply lying thereabove or therebelow. A direct cooling of the conductor structures thus is achieved for each and every coil ply, so that other intervening coil plies need not first be penetrated by the heat before it proceeds from the heat source, i.e. the respective conductor structures, to the heat sink, i.e, the cooling tubes.
Inventively, cooling conduits are arranged parallel to the coil axis between the saddle coils for the X and Y directions, with cooling conduits proceeding in the circumferential direction being arranged between the turns of the Z gradient coil.
In order to thereby be able to implement the delivery and removal of the coolant at only one face end in an especially simple way, in an embodiment of the invention a number of cooling conduits parallel to one another respectively proceed in each interspace, these being connected in pairs to a face end. In this way, the inlet opening and the outlet (discharge) opening respectively lie at different face ends. More than one cooling conduit pair can be arranged in a gap between two saddles coil, in which case they are not connected to one another so that only one inlet and one outlet for the coolant is provided. Instead, two such conduits are coupled at one face end and the other ends of these two conduits are fashioned as a directed coolant inlet and return. This requires more inlets and more outlets but has the advantage that the coolant only has to pass through two conduits, and thus cannot become extremely highly heated resulting in an improvement in the heat elimination from the adjacent conductor structure of a neighboring coil ply, due to the increased temperature difference.
The coolant conduits can be composed of metal or plastic and can be fashioned as round or rectangular tubes. A thermally conductive, electrical insulation can also be provided in the case of metallic cooling conduits.
REFERENCES:
patent: 6011394 (2000-01-01), Petropoulos et al.
patent: 6111412 (2000-08-01), Boemmel et al.
patent: 34 45 448 (1985-07-01), None
patent: 195 47 279 (1996-12-01), None
patent: 196 41 319 (1997-04-01), None
Arz Winfried
Schuster Johann
Arana Louis
Schiff & Hardin & Waite
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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